Additional Resources

Related OSHA Safety and Health Topics Pages

• Bloodborne Pathogens and Needlestick Prevention
• Bloodborne Pathogens - Worker protections against occupational exposure to infectious diseases
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

General Ebola Information

• Ebola Disease Basics. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).
• Ebola disease. World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations (UN).
• Questions and answers: Ebola disease. WHO, UN.
• Ebola. John Hopkins Medicine.
• Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers: Outbreak History. CDC, HHS

General Resources for Workers and Employers

• Bloodborne Infectious Disease Risk Factors. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), CDC, HHS.
• OSHA Fact Sheet: Protecting Workers during a Pandemic. OSHA, DOL.
• About Handwashing. CDC, HHS.
• Guide to Infection Prevention for Outpatient Settings: Minimum Expectations for Safe Care. CDC, HHS.
• OSHA Fact Sheet: PPE Matrix for Occupational Exposure to Ebola Virus. OSHA, DOL.
• Donning and Doffing PPE During Management of Patients with Selected VHF in U.S. Hospitals. CDC, HHS.

Healthcare Workers and Employers

• PPE: Clinically Stable Patients Suspected to have VHF. CDC, HHS.
• PPE FAQs. CDC, HHS.
• Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). CDC, HHS.
• Interim Guidance for Environmental Infection Control in Hospitals. CDC, HHS.

Laboratory Workers and Employers

• Guidance on Performing Routine Diagnostic Testing for Patients with Suspected VHFs or Other High-Consequence Disease. CDC, HHS.
• Ebolaviruses: Infectious substances Pathogen Safety Data Sheet. Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC), Government of Canada (GC).
• Diagnostic testing for Ebola and Marburg virus diseases: interim guidance, 20 December 2024. WHO, UN.
• Kaufman SG, Berkelman R. 2007. Appl Biosafety 12(3) 178-184. Biosafety "Behavioral Based" Training for High Biocontainment Laboratories: Bringing Theory into Practice for Biosafety Training.
• Transporting Infectious Substances Safely. Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT).

Cleaning, Decontamination, and Waste Management

• Guidance for Decontamination and Removal of Ebolavirus-Contaminated Waste for U.S. Residence. CDC, HHS.
• Guidance for Decontamination and Waste Disposal on a Commercial Passenger Aircraft Carrying a Traveler with a VHF. CDC, HHS.
• Decontamination of Vehicles Used for Transportation of Potential Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Patients or Related Equipment. Technical Information Paper 13-031-0914. U.S. Army Public Health Command.
• Rapid guidance on the decommissioning of Ebola care facilities. WHO, UN.
• Fact Sheet: Safe Handling, Treatment, Transport and Disposal of Ebola-Contaminated Waste. OSHA, DOL; NIOSH, CDC, HHS; EPA, DOI.
• Infection Prevention Control and Recommendations for Patients in U.S. Hospitals who are Suspected or Confirmed to have Selected Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (VHF). CDC, HHS.
• Ebola Virus Stability on Surfaces and in Fluids in Simulated Outbreak Environments. CDC, HHS.
• Managing Solid Waste Contaminated with a Category A Infectious Substance. DOT; DOL; EPA, DOI; U.S. Department of Defense (DoD); CDC and the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR), HHS (August 2019).
• Handling VHF-Associated Waste

Mortuary & Death Care Workers and Employers

• Safe Handling of Human Remains of VHF Patients in U.S. Hospitals and Mortuaries. CDC, HHS.
• Guidelines for Protecting Mortuary Affairs Personnel from Potentially Infectious Materials. U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventative Medicine.
• New WHO safe and dignified burial protocol - key to reducing Ebola transmission. WHO, UN.

Airline, Airport, and Other Transportation Workers and Employers

• Guidance for Airlines, Pilots, and Crew on Reporting Onboard Deaths (Presumed or Confirmed) or Illnesses to CDC. CDC, HHS.
• NIOSH Fact Sheet: Ebola Information for Airport Passenger Assistance Workers [2024]. NIOSH, CDC, HHS.
• Air Transport & Communicable Diseases. International Air Transportation Authority (IATA).
• Preventing Spread of Diseases on Airplanes: Guidance for Cabin Crew CDC, HHS.
• NIOSH Fact Sheet: Ebola Information for Airport Retail and Food Service Workers [2024] NIOSH, HHS.

Border, Customs, and Quarantine Workers

• Port Health Station Contact List, Map, and Fact Sheets. CDC, HHS.
• Port Health. CDC, HHS.
• About Port Health. CDC, HHS.

Emergency Responders and Emergency Response Employers

• Interim Guidance for EMS Systems and 9-1-1 Answering Points. CDC, HHS.
• Clinical Guidance for Ebola Disease. CDC, HHS.
• Example: Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Decontamination of an Ambulance that has Transported a Person under Investigation or Patient with Confirmed Ebola. CDC, HHS.