Occupational Safety and Health Administration

CROTONALDEHYDE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	4170-30-3
Formula	C₄H₆O
Synonyms	2-butenal; crotonaldehyde, inhibited; β-methyl acrolein; propylene aldehyde

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to straw-colored liquid with a suffocating odor.
Boiling point	219°F	Molecular weight	70.1
Freezing point/melting point	-101°F	Vapor pressure	19 mmHg
Flash point	55°F	Vapor density	2.41
Specific gravity	0.87	Ionization potential	9.73 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	2.95%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	15.5%
NFPA health rating	4	NFPA fire rating	3
NFPA reactivity rating	2	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0770
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	2 GFFs (open-faced) in 1 cassette separated by a spacer. GFFs are coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) and phosphoric acid. [SKC 225-9019]
Sampling time^*	60 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	6 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	HPLC
Method reference	OSHA 81 (fully validated)
Notes	Collect the sample open-faced, protect samples from light and heat.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	2 ppm (6 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	2 ppm (6 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C	0.3 ppm [1995]	PEL-C	0.3 ppm
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes: See Appendix C, Supplementary Exposure Limits		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	50 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-3, TLV-A3, EPA-C		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3: 0.2 ppm/5 ppm/15 ppm

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Crotonaldehyde, stabilized

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Crotonaldehyde

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Crotonaldehyde. See annual publication for most recent information.
Ichihashi, K., Osawa, T., Toyokuni, S. and Uchida, K.: Endogenous formation of protein adducts with carcinogenic Aldehydes: implications for oxidative stress. J. Biol. Chem. 276(26): 23903-23913, 2001.
Pan, J. and Chung, F.L.: Formation of cyclic deoxyguanosine adducts from omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids under oxidative conditions. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 15(3): 367-372, 2002.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Crotonaldehyde. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 677-679.

Last Updated Date : 12/22/2020

ISOPHORONE DIISOCYANATE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	4098-71-9
Formula	C₁₂H₁₈N₂O₂
Synonyms	IPDI, isocyanic acid, methylene (3,5,5-trimethyl-3,1-cyclohexylene) ester, 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl-isocyanate, isophorone diamine diisocyanate

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a pungent odor.
Boiling point		Molecular weight	222.3
Freezing point/melting point	-76°F	Vapor pressure	0.0003 mmHg
Flash point	311°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.06	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	2	NFPA fire rating	1
NFPA reactivity rating	1	NFPA special instruction	W: Reacts violently or explosively with water.
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1539
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Isocyanate Sampling Filter Kit - GFF (37 mm, open-faced) coated with 1 mg 1-(2-pyridyl)piperazine [SLTC103]
Sampling time^*	15 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	15 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	UHPLC
Method reference	OSHA 5002 (fully validated)
Notes	Refrigerate coated filters until used. Sample open-faced!!
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	Hazard Assessment Test Kit for Aliphatic Isocyanates
Model/Type	769-1003
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)	Isocyanate Surface and Dermal Sampling, Hazard Assessment Test Kit for Aliphatic Isocyanates

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	0.005 ppm (0.045 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	0.005 ppm [1985]	PEL-TWA	0.005 ppm (0.045 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	0.02 ppm (0.180 mg/m³)	TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL	0.02 ppm
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	Y
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Isophorone diisocyanate

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Isophorone diisocyanate

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Isophorone diisocyanate. See annual publication for most recent information.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Isophorone Diisocyanate. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 2. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1344-1346.
Tinnerberg, H., Skarping, G., Dalene, M. and Hagmar, L.: Test chamber exposure of humans to 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 67(6): 367-374, 1995.

Last Updated Date : 04/02/2025

SILICON CARBIDE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	409-21-2
Formula	SiC
Synonyms	carbon silicide; carborundum; silicon monocarbide

Physical Properties
Physical description	Yellow to green to bluish-black, iridescent crystals.
Boiling point	sublimes	Molecular weight	40.1
Freezing point/melting point	4892°F (sublimes)	Vapor pressure	0 mmHg (approx)
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	3.23	Ionization potential	9.30 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	2236 (total); request using analyte code 9135	S123 (resp); request using analyte code 9130
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Tared low-ash 37 mm PVC filter, 5 microns [SLTC108]	Tared low-ash 37 mm PVC filter, 5 microns, preceded by 10 mm nylon Dorr-Oliver cyclone for respirable samples. [SLTC108]
Sampling time^*	240-480 min	240-480 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	960 L	816 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*		1.7 L/min ±5%
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	Gravimetric	Gravimetric
Method reference	OSHA PV2121 (partially validated)	OSHA PV2121 (partially validated)
Notes	If the net weight of the sample yields a concentration below the PEL after considering the associated SAE , the SLTC will perform no further work on the sample and the sample air concentration will be reported as the calculated gravimetric air concentration. If the net weight corresponds to an amount greater than the PEL value after considering the associated SAE, the sample may be analyzed for the applicable component and appropriate results will be reported.	If the filter is not overloaded, samples can be collected up to an 8-hour period. If the net weight of the sample yields a concentration below the PEL after considering the associated SAE , the SLTC will perform no further work on the sample and the sample air concentration will be reported as the calculated gravimetric air concentration. If the net weight corresponds to an amount greater than the PEL value after considering the associated SAE, the sample may be analyzed for the applicable component and appropriate results will be reported.
Special requirements	FOR TOTAL DUST SAMPLES, DO NOT USE A CYCLONE!!

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	15 mg/m³ (total dust), 5 mg/m³ (respirable fraction)	REL-TWA	10 mg/m³ (total dust), 5 mg/m³ (resp)	TLV-TWA	Nonfibrous: 10 mg/m³ (inhalable particulate matter), 3 mg/m³ (respirable particulate matter) *The values are for particulate matter containing no asbestos and <1% crystalline silica. Fibrous (including whiskers): 0.1 f/cc (respirable fibers), see footnote [F] in the TLV booklet. [2002]	PEL-TWA	10 mg/m³ (total dust), 5 mg/m³ (respirable fraction)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes: As Particulates not otherwise regulated, see footnote [n].
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A2 (fibrous, including whiskers)		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Silicon carbide

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Silicon carbide

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Silicon carbide. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/12/2021

ISOPROPYL GLYCIDYL ETHER (IGE)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	4016-14-2
Formula	C₆H₁₂O₂
Synonyms	1,2-epoxy-3-isopropoxypropane; IGE; isopropoxymethyl oxirane; isopropyl epoxypropyl ether

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid.
Boiling point	261°F	Molecular weight	116.18
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure	9 mmHg at 77°F
Flash point	92°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.92	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1567
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	1-30 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01-0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 1620 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	50 ppm (240 mg/m³)	REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	50 ppm [1979]	PEL-TWA	50 ppm (240 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL	75 ppm [1979]	PEL-STEL	75 ppm (360 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C	50 ppm (240 mg/m³) [15 minutes]	TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	400 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Isopropyl glycidyl ether

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Isopropyl glycidyl ether

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Isopropyl acetate. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/28/2021

DIGLYCIDYL ETHER OF BISPHENOL A

Chemical Identification
CAS #	1675-54-3
Formula	C₂₁H₂₄O₄
Synonyms	bisphenol A diglycidyl ether; 2,2-bis(p-2,3-epoxypropoxy) phenyl)propane; 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol diglycidyl ether; composite constituent

Physical Properties
Physical description	Odorless yellowish brown liquid.
Boiling point	decomposes	Molecular weight	312.37
Freezing point/melting point	46-54°F	Vapor pressure
Flash point	>200°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.16	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	D709
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	GFF (37 mm), Type A/E [AP4003705]
Sampling time^*	240 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	240 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	HPLC
Method reference	OSHA 1018 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Bisphenol a diglycidyl ether

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Bisphenol a diglycidyl ether

Literature References

Last Updated Date : 12/28/2020

PERFLUOROISOBUTYLENE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	382-21-8
Formula	C₄F₈
Synonyms	octafluoroisobutene; PFIB; octafluoro-sec-butene; 1,1,3,3,3-Pentafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-1-propene

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless, odorless gas at room temp. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of hydrogen fluoride.
Boiling point	44.6°F	Molecular weight	200.03
Freezing point/melting point	-202°F	Vapor pressure	1740 mmHg
Flash point		Vapor density	6.3
Specific gravity	1.592	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C	0.01 ppm [1989]	PEL-C	0.01 ppm (0.082 mg/m³)
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3: --/0.1 ppm/0.3 ppm

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Not listed

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Not listed

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Perfluoroisobutylene. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/08/2021

TETRAETHYL DITHIOPYROPHOSPHATE (TEDP)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	3689-24-5
Formula	C₈H₂₀O₅P₂S₂
Synonyms	Bladafum; Dithion; Sulfotep; tetraethyl dithionopyrophosphate; tetraethyl dithiopyrophosphate; Thiotepp; TEDP

Physical Properties
Physical description	Pale-yellow liquid with a garlic-like odor.
Boiling point	277-282°F at 2 mmHg	Molecular weight	322.32
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure	0.0002 mmHg
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.196 (at 77°F)	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	0.2 mg/m³	REL-TWA	0.2 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	0.1 mg/m³ (inhalable fraction and vapor) [1993]	PEL-TWA	0.2 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: BEI®		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	10 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Tetraethyl dithiopyrophosphate

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - TEDP

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Sulfotepp. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/28/2021

SULPROFOS

Chemical Identification
CAS #	35400-43-2
Formula	C₁₂H₁₉O₂PS₃
Synonyms	Bolstar; O-ethyl O-(4-methylthio)phenyl S-propylphosphorodithioate

Physical Properties
Physical description	Tan-colored liquid with a sulfide-like odor.
Boiling point		Molecular weight	322.5
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure	<8 mmHg
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.20	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	S129
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	OSHA versatile sampler (OVS-2) - 13 mm XAD-2 tube (270/140 mg) with GFF enclosed [SKC 226-30-16]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	480 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FPD
Method reference	OSHA PV2037 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	1 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	0.1 mg/m³ (inhalable fraction and vapor) [2008]	PEL-TWA	1 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes: BEI®		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Sulprofos

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Sulprofos

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Sulprofos. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/12/2021

CARBONYL FLUORIDE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	353-50-4
Formula	CF₂O
Synonyms	carbon difluoride oxide; carbon fluoride oxide; carbon oxyfluoride; carbonyl difluoride; fluoroformyl fluoride; fluorophosgene

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless gas with a pungent and very irritating odor.
Boiling point	-118°F	Molecular weight	66.01
Freezing point/melting point	-173°F	Vapor pressure	55.4 atm
Flash point		Vapor density	1.139 at -173.2°F
Specific gravity		Ionization potential	13.02 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	4	NFPA fire rating	0
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	C105
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 micron (37 mm) and filter spacer with Na₂CO₃ impregnated backup pad, in a 3-piece cassette [SKC 225-9001]
Sampling time^*	60 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	90 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1.5 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*	22.5 L
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*	1.5 L/min
Analytical method instruments	ISE
Method reference	OSHA ID-110 (fully validated)
Notes	Submit as a separate sample (Particulate F- on MCEF, carbonyl fluoride on impregnated backup pad). The filter and filter spacer reside in one section while the impregnated backup pad is in another section of a 3-piece polystyrene cassette. The filter and backup pad should not have physical contact with one another. When analysis of a compound is requested, an analysis is performed for fluoride (F-) and reported as the compound. Carbonyl fluoride gas is collected on a Na₂CO₃ impregnated backup pad.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	2 ppm (5 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	2 ppm [1990]	PEL-TWA	2 ppm (5 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	5 ppm (15 mg/m³)	TLV-STEL	5 ppm [1990]	PEL-STEL	5 ppm (15 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Carbonyl fluoride

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Carbonyl fluoride

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Carbonyl fluoride. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 11/02/2023

DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHER ((2-METHOXYMETHYLETHOXY)PROPANOL)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	34590-94-8
Formula	C₇H₁₆O₃
Synonyms	dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether; (2-methoxymethylethoxy)propanol; bis-(2-methoxypropyl) ether

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a mild, ether-like odor.
Boiling point	408°F	Molecular weight	148.2
Freezing point/melting point	-112°F	Vapor pressure	0.5 mmHg
Flash point	166°F	Vapor density	5.11
Specific gravity	0.95	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.1% at 392°F	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	3%
NFPA health rating	2	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1014
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*	100 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	10 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA 101 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	100 ppm (600 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	100 ppm (600 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	50 ppm [2021]	PEL-TWA	100 ppm (600 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	150 ppm (900 mg/m³)	TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL	150 ppm (900 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	600 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Dipropylene glycol methyl ether

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Dipropylene glycol methyl ether

Literature References

ACGIH: Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - (2-Methoxymethylethoxy)propanol. See annual publication for most recent information.
Ballantyne, B.: Local ophthalmic effects of dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether. J. Toxicol. Cut. Ocular Toxicol. 2(4-5): 229-242, 1984.
Laitinen, J., Liesivuori, J., and Harvima, R.: Evaluation of exposure to 1-alkoxy-2-propanols and 1-(2-methoxy-1-methylethoxy)-2-propanol by the analysis of the parent compounds in urine. Toxicol. Lett. 162(2-3): 186-194, 2006.
NIOSH: Occupational Health Guideline for Dipropylene Glycol Methyl Ether. 1978.
NIOSH/IPCS: International Chemical Safety Cards - Dipropyleneglycol Monomethylether. October 20, 1999.
Venier, M., Adami, G., Larese, F., Maina, G., and Renzi, N.: Percutaneous absorption of 5 glycol ethers through human skin in vitro. Toxicol. In Vitro 18(5): 665-671, 2004.

Last Updated Date : 12/28/2020

CROTONALDEHYDE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

ISOPHORONE DIISOCYANATE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

SILICON CARBIDE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

ISOPROPYL GLYCIDYL ETHER (IGE)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

DIGLYCIDYL ETHER OF BISPHENOL A

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

PERFLUOROISOBUTYLENE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

TETRAETHYL DITHIOPYROPHOSPHATE (TEDP)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

SULPROFOS

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

CARBONYL FLUORIDE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL METHYL ETHER ((2-METHOXYMETHYLETHOXY)PROPANOL)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References