Figure 1: Illustration of the many ship repair operations that require PPE: Cleaning Preparation, Rescue Teams, Ventilation and Warning Signs and Labels.

OSHA's approach to worker protection is to first use engineering controls to eliminate the hazard, then administrative controls to reduce the exposure, and finally, to use personal protective equipment (PPE). When engineering or administrative controls are not feasible or adequate to protect workers, or while the controls are being implemented, the employer shall use PPE to protect workers. [29 CFR 1915.151] The following are mandatory elements when PPE is required:

• Hazard Assessment
• PPE Selection
• Employee Training
• Cleaning, Maintenance and Replacement of PPE

Note: Confined space entry is one of the leading hazards associated with barge cleaning. Review Shipbreaking: Confined or Enclosed Spaces and Other Dangerous Atmospheres for information on how to protect workers from this hazard.