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METHYLAL (DIMETHOXY-METHANE) (DIMETHOXYMETHANE)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	109-87-5
Formula	C₃H₈O₂
Synonyms	dimethoxymethane; formaldehyde dimethylacetal; methoxymethyl methyl ether; methylene dimethyl ether

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a chloroform-like odor.
Boiling point	111°F	Molecular weight	76.1
Freezing point/melting point	-157°F	Vapor pressure	330 mmHg
Flash point	-26°F (open cup)	Vapor density	2.6
Specific gravity	0.86	Ionization potential	10.00 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.6%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	17.6%
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	3
NFPA reactivity rating	1	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1655
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	1-3 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01 - 0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 1611 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	Infrared spectrophotometer
Model/Type	Miran 1A & 1B
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)	0.1 ppm@9.5 µm

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	1000 ppm (3100 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	1000 ppm (3100 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	1000 ppm [1970]	PEL-TWA	1000 ppm (3100 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	2200 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes: 10% of LEL
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Methylal

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Methylal

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Methylal. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/05/2021

2-METHOXYETHANOL (METHYL CELLOSOLVE)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	109-86-4
Formula	C₃H₈O₂
Synonyms	ethylene glycol monomethyl ether; EGME; glycol monomethyl ether; 2-methoxyethanol; methyl cellosolve

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a mild, ether-like odor.
Boiling point	256°F	Molecular weight	76.1
Freezing point/melting point	-121°F	Vapor pressure	6 mmHg
Flash point	102°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.96	Ionization potential	9.60 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.8%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	14%
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	1	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0590
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	10 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA 53 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	25 ppm (80 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	0.1 ppm [2005]	PEL-TWA	5 ppm (16 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: BEI®		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	200 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Methyl Cellosolve

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - 2-Methoxyethanol. See annual publication for most recent information.
MMWR: Criteria for a recommended standard: occupational exposure to ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, and their acetates. Morbidity and mortality weekly report 41(21): 386, 1992.
Chang, H.-Y., Lin, C.-C., Shih, T.-S., Chan, H., Chou, J.-S. and Huang, Y.-S.: Evaluation of the protective effectiveness of gloves from occupational exposure to 2-Methoxyethanol using the biomarkers of 2-methoxyacetic acid levels in the urine and plasma. Occup. Environ. Med. 61(8): 697-702, 2004.
Cheever, K.L., et al.: 2-Methoxyethanol metabolism, embryonic distribution, and macromolecular adduct formation in the rat: the effect of radiofrequency radiation-induced hyperthermia. Toxicol. Lett. 122(1): 53-67, 2001.
Dhalluin, S., et al.: Apoptosis inhibition and ornithine decarboxylase superinduction as early epigenetic events in morphological transformation of Syrian hamster embryo cells exposure to 2-methoxyacetaldehyde, a metabolite of 2-Methoxyethanol. Toxicol. Lett. 105(2): 163-175, 1999.
El-Zein, R.A., Abdel-Rahman, S.Z., Morris, D.L. and Legator, M.S.: Exposure to ethylene glycol monomethyl ether: clinical and cytogenetic findings. Arch. Environ. Health 57(4): 371-376, 2002.
Groeseneken, D., Veulemans, H., Masschelein, R. and Van Vlem, E.: Experimental human exposure to ethylene glycol monomethyl ether. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 61(4): 243-247, 1989.
Kežić, S., Mahieu, K., Monster, A.C. and de Wolff, F.A.: Dermal absorption of vaporous and liquid 2-Methoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol in volunteers. Occup. Environ. Med. 54(1): 38-43, 1997.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Ethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1094-1096.
Saavedra, D., Arteaga, M. and Tena, M.: Industrial contamination with glycol ethers resulting in teratogenic damage. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 837: 126-137, 1997.

Last Updated Date : 09/21/2022

BUTYL MERCAPTAN (BUTANETHIOL)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	109-79-5
Formula	C₄H₁₀S
Synonyms	butanethiol; 1-butanethiol; n-butanethiol; 1-mercaptobutane

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a strong, garlic-, cabbage-, or skunk-like odor.
Boiling point	209°F	Molecular weight	90.2
Freezing point/melting point	176.2°F	Vapor pressure	35 mmHg
Flash point	55°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.83	Ionization potential	9.15 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	3
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0480
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	GFF (37 mm Gelman Type A) coated with mercuric acetate [SKC 225-9007]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	10-150 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.1-0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FPD
Method reference	NIOSH 2542 (partially validated)
Notes	Protect samples from light.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	10 ppm (35 mg/m³)	REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA	0.5 ppm (1.5 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C	0.5 ppm (1.8 mg/m³) [15 minutes]	TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1. The Construction and Maritime Industries PEL is 0.5 ppm (1.5 mg/m³) for an 8 hr TWA. See 29 CFR 1926.55 Table 1 and 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards.		Notes:		Notes: Visit the ACGIH TLV site for specific data		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	500 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Butyl mercaptan

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - n-Butyl mercaptan

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - n-Butyl mercaptan. See annual publication for most recent information.
No authors listed: butyl mercaptan. The Good Scents Company.
Ames, R.G. and Gregson, J.: Mortality following cotton defoliation: San Juaquin Valley, California, 1970-1990. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 37(7): 812-819, 1995.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Butyl Mercaptan. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 418-419.

Last Updated Date : 04/05/2024

BUTYLAMINE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	109-73-9
Formula	C₄H₁₁N
Synonyms	1-aminobutane; n-butylamine

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a fishy, ammonia-like odor.
Boiling point	172°F	Molecular weight	73.2
Freezing point/melting point	-58°F	Vapor pressure	72 mmHg
Flash point	10°F	Vapor density	2.52
Specific gravity	0.74	Ionization potential	8.71 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.7%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	9.8%
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	3
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0470
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Silica gel tube (150/75 mg) [SKC 226-10]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	2-100 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01-1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 2012 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C	5 ppm (15 mg/m³)	REL-C	5 ppm (15 mg/m³) [15 minutes]	TLV-C		PEL-C	5 ppm (15 mg/m³)
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: Visit the ACGIH TLV site for specific data		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	300 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - N-Butylamine

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - n-Butylamine

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - n-Butylamine. See annual publication for most recent information.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Butyl Amines. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 402-404.
Vinggard, A.M., Nielsen, G.D. and Fries, A.S.: Sensory and pulmonary irritation of inhaled n-butylamine in CF-1 and NMRI mice. Lab. Anim. 23(1): 1-6, 1989.

Last Updated Date : 04/05/2024

PENTANE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	109-66-0
Formula	C₅H₁₂
Synonyms	n-pentane; normal pentane; amyl hydride

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a gasoline-like odor.
Boiling point	97°F	Molecular weight	72.2
Freezing point/melting point	-202°F	Vapor pressure	420 mmHg
Flash point	-57°F	Vapor density	2.48
Specific gravity	0.63	Ionization potential	10.34 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.5%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	7.8%
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	4
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1990
Sampling group	OVSG-1
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*	45 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	2.25 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.05 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA 5000 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	1000 ppm (2950 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	120 ppm (350 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	1000 ppm [2013]	PEL-TWA	600 ppm (1800 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C	610 ppm (1800 mg/m³) [15 min]	TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1. OSHA Construction and Maritime Industry PEL is 500 ppm (1500 mg/m³) as an 8-hr TWA. See 29 CFR 1926.55 Table 1 and 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	1500 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes: 10% of LEL
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - N-Pentane

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - n-Pentane

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Pentane, all isomers. See annual publication for most recent information.
Galvin, J.B. and Marashi, F.: n-Pentane. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 58(1-2): 35-56, 1999.
Loiseaux-Meunier, M.N., Bedu, M., Gentou, C., Pepin, D., Coudert, J. and Caillaud, D.: Basal production of pentane in expired gas from healthy humans. Clin. Chim. Acta 310(2): 123-130, 2001.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Pentane. Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 2. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1805-1807.

Last Updated Date : 06/03/2022

Group Sampling Information
Sampling Media	Sampling Time (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)	TWA Sampling Volume (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)	TWA Flow Rate (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)
CSC Tube (100/50 mg sections, 20/40 mesh), [SKC 226-01]	240 min	12 L	0.05 L/min

Analytes Sampling Information
Analytes	IMIS Code	Wipe Sampling
Isobutyl Acetate	1534	No
n-Butyl Acetate	0440	No
sec-Butyl Acetate	0441	No
tert-Butyl Acetate	0442	No
Toluene**	2460	No
Ethyl Benzene	1080	No
Perchloroethylene (Tetrachloroethylene)**	2020	No
Trichloroethylene**	2490	No
Xylene	2590	No
Trimethylbenzene	2505	No
Benzene***	0320	No
Ethyl Acetate****	1040	No
n-Propyl Acetate‡	2180	No
Pentane‡‡	1990	No
Cyclohexane‡‡‡	0810	No
Heptane*	1371	No
n-Hexane‡‡‡‡	1380	No
Nonane*	N807	No
Octane*	1957	No

Notes

Request any (up to three (3)) of these analytes together.

Alternatively request IMIS Code Q115 and SLTC will report any significant amounts of these analytes.

Results for unrequested analytes in this group will be reported if significant amount are found.

Toluene, sec-Butyl Acetate, Benzene and Isobutyl Alcohol all have/are known interferences. Please indicate on the 91A which of these compounds are known to be present.

There is no need to contact SLTC before sampling.

*80 min (4L)

**Peak sampling 1 min (0.05 L) and Ceiling sampling 5 min (0.25 L)

***STEL sampling 15 min (0.75 L)

****120 min (6 L)

‡200 min (10 L)

‡‡45 min (2.25 L)

‡‡‡190 min (9.5 L)

‡‡‡‡98 min (4.9 L)

N-PROPYL ACETATE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	109-60-4
Formula	C₅H₁₀O₂
Synonyms	propylacetate; n-propyl ester of acetic acid

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a mild, fruity odor.
Boiling point	215°F	Molecular weight	102.2
Freezing point/melting point	-134°F	Vapor pressure	25 mmHg
Flash point	55°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.84	Ionization potential	10.04 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.7% at 100°F	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	8%
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	3
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	2180
Sampling group	OVSG-1
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*	480 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	10 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01 - 0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 1450 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	200 ppm (840 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	200 ppm (840 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA	200 ppm (840 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	250 ppm (1050 mg/m³)	TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL	250 ppm (1050 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: Visit the ACGIH TLV site for specific data		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	1700 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - N-Propyl acetate

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - n-Propyl acetate

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Propyl acetate isomers. See annual publication for most recent information.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): n-Propyl Acetate. In Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 2. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1962-1963.

Last Updated Date : 05/19/2026

Group Sampling Information
Sampling Media	Sampling Time (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)	TWA Sampling Volume (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)	TWA Flow Rate (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)
CSC Tube (100/50 mg sections, 20/40 mesh), [SKC 226-01]	240 min	12 L	0.05 L/min

Analytes Sampling Information
Analytes	IMIS Code	Wipe Sampling
Isobutyl Acetate	1534	No
n-Butyl Acetate	0440	No
sec-Butyl Acetate	0441	No
tert-Butyl Acetate	0442	No
Toluene**	2460	No
Ethyl Benzene	1080	No
Perchloroethylene (Tetrachloroethylene)**	2020	No
Trichloroethylene**	2490	No
Xylene	2590	No
Trimethylbenzene	2505	No
Benzene***	0320	No
Ethyl Acetate****	1040	No
n-Propyl Acetate‡	2180	No
Pentane‡‡	1990	No
Cyclohexane‡‡‡	0810	No
Heptane*	1371	No
n-Hexane‡‡‡‡	1380	No
Nonane*	N807	No
Octane*	1957	No

Notes

Request any (up to three (3)) of these analytes together.

Alternatively request IMIS Code Q115 and SLTC will report any significant amounts of these analytes.

Results for unrequested analytes in this group will be reported if significant amount are found.

Toluene, sec-Butyl Acetate, Benzene and Isobutyl Alcohol all have/are known interferences. Please indicate on the 91A which of these compounds are known to be present.

There is no need to contact SLTC before sampling.

*80 min (4L)

**Peak sampling 1 min (0.05 L) and Ceiling sampling 5 min (0.25 L)

***STEL sampling 15 min (0.75 L)

****120 min (6 L)

‡200 min (10 L)

‡‡45 min (2.25 L)

‡‡‡190 min (9.5 L)

‡‡‡‡98 min (4.9 L)

PHENYL MERCAPTAN

Chemical Identification
CAS #	108-98-5
Formula	C₆H₆S
Synonyms	mercaptobenzene; phenyl mercaptan; thiophenol; benzenethiol

Physical Properties
Physical description	Clear liquid with a repulsive odor.
Boiling point	336°F	Molecular weight	110.17
Freezing point/melting point	5.4°F	Vapor pressure	1 mmHg at 65.48°F
Flash point	132°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.073	Ionization potential	8.33 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	P105
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	GFF (37 mm Gelman Type A) coated with mercuric acetate [SKC 225-9007]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	20 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA PV2075 (partially validated)
Notes	Protect samples from light until analysis.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	0.1 ppm [2001]	PEL-TWA	0.5 ppm (2 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C	0.1 ppm (0.5 mg/m³) [15 minutes]	TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Phenyl mercaptan

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Benzenethiol

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Phenyl mercaptan. See annual publication for most recent information.
Fairchild, E.J. and Stokinger, H.E.: Toxicologic studies on organic sulfur compounds. 1. Acute toxicity of some aliphatic and aromatic thiols (mercaptans). AIHA J. 19: 171-189, 1958.
No authors listed: Reproductive Toxicity of Thiophenol II (CAS No: 108-98-5) Administered by Gavage to Sprague-Dawley Rats. NTP Report# RACB94001 [Abstract].
No authors listed: Developmental Toxicity of Thiophenol (CAS No. 108-98-5) in Sprague-Dawley (CD®) Rats. NTP Study: TER92133 [Abstract].
No authors listed: Developmental Toxicity of Thiophenol (CAS No. 108-98-5) in New Zealand White Rabbits. NTP Study: TER92134 [Abstract].
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Phenyl Mercaptan. Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 2. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1837-1839.

Last Updated Date : 01/08/2021

PHENOL†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	108-95-2
Formula	C₆H₆O
Synonyms	carbolic acid; hydroxybenzene; monohydroxybenzene; phenyl alcohol; phenyl hydroxide

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to light-pink, crystalline solid with a sweet, acrid odor.
Boiling point	359°F	Molecular weight	94.1
Freezing point/melting point	109°F	Vapor pressure	0.4 mmHg
Flash point	175°F	Vapor density	3.24
Specific gravity	1.06	Ionization potential	8.50 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.8%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	8.6%
NFPA health rating	4	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	2040
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	XAD-7 tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-95]
Sampling time^*	240 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	24 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA 32 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	5 ppm (19mg/m³)	REL-TWA	5 ppm (19 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	5 ppm [1992]	PEL-TWA	5 ppm (19 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C	15.6 ppm (60 mg/m³) [15 minutes]	TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1		Notes:		Notes: BEI®		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	250 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-3, TLV-A4, EPA-I; D		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3: 10 ppm/50 ppm/200 ppm

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Phenol, liquid

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Phenol

Literature References

EPA: Hazard Summary - Phenol
ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Phenol. See annual publication for most recent information.
Bieniek, G.: Concentrations of phenol, o-cresol, and 2,5-xylenol in the urine of workers employed in the distillation of the phenolic fraction of tar. Occup. Environ. Med. 51(5): 354-356, 1994.
NIOSH: Occupational Health Guideline for Phenol. 1978.
Spiller, H.A., Quadrani-Kushner, D.A. and Cleveland, P.: A five year evaluation of acute exposures to phenol disinfectant (26%). Clin. Toxicol. 31(2): 307-313, 1993.

Last Updated Date : 01/08/2021

CYCLOHEXANONE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	108-94-1
Formula	C₆H₁₀O
Synonyms	anone; cyclohexyl ketone; pimelic ketone; ketohexamethylene

Physical Properties
Physical description	Water-white to pale-yellow liquid with a peppermint- or acetone-like odor.
Boiling point	312°F	Molecular weight	98.2
Freezing point/melting point	-49°F	Vapor pressure	5 mmHg
Flash point	146°F	Vapor density	3.4
Specific gravity	0.95	Ionization potential	9.14 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	1.1%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	9.4%
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0830
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Chromosorb® 106 (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-110]
Sampling time^*	200 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	10 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.05-0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA 1 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	50 ppm (200 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	25 ppm (100 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	20 ppm [1990]	PEL-TWA	25 ppm (100 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL	50 ppm [1990]	PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	700 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-3, TLV-A3		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Cyclohexanone

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Cyclohexanone

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Cyclohexanone. See annual publication for most recent information.
U.S. EPA Integrated Risk Information System: Cyclohexanone (CASRN 108-94-1).
Mráz, J., Gálová, E., Nohová, H. and Vítková, D.: Uptake, metabolism and elimination of cyclohexanone in humans. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 66(3): 203-208, 1994.
Pazzaglio, M., Tullo, S., Voudouris, S. and Tosti, A.: Contact dermatitis due to cyclohexanone: a further case. Contact Dermatitis 49(6): 313, 2003.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Cyclohexanone. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 719-721.

Last Updated Date : 12/22/2020

CYCLOHEXANOL†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	108-93-0
Formula	C₆H₁₂O
Synonyms	anol; cyclohexyl alcohol; hexahydrophenol; hexalin; hydralin; hydroxycyclohexane

Physical Properties
Physical description	Sticky solid or colorless to light-yellow liquid (above 77°F) with a camphor-like odor.
Boiling point	322°F	Molecular weight	100.2
Freezing point/melting point	77°F	Vapor pressure	5.17 mmHg
Flash point	154°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.96	Ionization potential	10.00 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0820
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	1-10 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01-0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 1402 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media	Wipe with charcoal pad, seal in glass vial for shipment. [3M 3500]
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	Detector tube	Infrared spectrophotometer	Infrared spectrophotometer
Model/Type	Matheson-Kitagawa 8014-206U	Miran 1A & 1B	Miran 1A & 1B
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)	5-500 ppm range	0.2 ppm@9.3 µm	0-100 ppm@9.3 µm

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	50 ppm (200 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	50 ppm (200 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	50 ppm [1979]	PEL-TWA	50 ppm (200 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	400 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Cyclohexanol

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Cyclohexanol

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Cyclohexanol. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 12/22/2020

METHYLAL (DIMETHOXY-METHANE) (DIMETHOXYMETHANE)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

2-METHOXYETHANOL (METHYL CELLOSOLVE)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

BUTYL MERCAPTAN (BUTANETHIOL)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

BUTYLAMINE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

PENTANE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

N-PROPYL ACETATE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

PHENYL MERCAPTAN

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

PHENOL†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

CYCLOHEXANONE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

CYCLOHEXANOL†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References