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PARAQUAT METHOSULFATE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	2074-50-2
Formula	C₁₂H₁₄N₂.₂CH₃O₄S
Synonyms	4,4'-bipyridinium, 1,1'-dimethyl-, bis(methyl sulfate); N,N'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium methosulfate; paraquat dimethosulfate

Physical Properties
Physical description	White crystalline solid or yellow solid.
Boiling point	decomposes at 347-356°F	Molecular weight	408.48
Freezing point/melting point		Vapor pressure	approx 0
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1982 (respirable dust)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	PTFE filter, 1 µm [SKC 225-2705]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	40-1000 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1-4 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	HPLC-UV
Method reference	NIOSH 5003 (fully validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	0.5 mg/m³ (resp dust)	REL-TWA	0.1 mg/m³ (resp)	TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA	0.5 mg/m³ (total particulates), 0.1 mg/m³ (respirable sizes)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: Visit the ACGIH TLV site for specific data		Notes: See footnote [n]
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	1 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Paraquat methosulfate

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Paraquat (Paraquat dichloride)

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Paraquat [4685-14-7] as the cation. See annual publication for most recent information.
Hertzman, C., Wiens, M., Bowering, D., Snow, B. and Caine D.: Parkinson's disease: a case-control study of occupational and environmental risk factors. Am. J. Ind. Med. 17(3): 349-355, 1990.
McCormack, A.L., et al.: Environmental risk factors and Parkinson's disease: selective degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons caused by the herbicide paraquat. Neurobiol. Dis. 10(2): 119-127, 2002.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Paraquat. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 2. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1784-1787.
Ranjbar, A., Pasalar, P., Sedighi, A. and Abdollahi, M.: Induction of oxidative stress in paraquat formulating workers. Toxicol. Lett. 131(3): 191-194, 2002.
Suntres, Z.E.: Role of antioxidants in paraquat toxicity. Toxicology 180(1): 65-77, 2002.

Last Updated Date : 05/19/2026

O-CHLOROSTYRENE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	2039-87-4
Formula	C₈H₇Cl
Synonyms	2-chlorostyrene; ortho-chlorostyrene; 1-chloro-2-ethenylbenzene

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid.
Boiling point	372°F	Molecular weight	138.6
Freezing point/melting point	-81.7°F	Vapor pressure	0.96 mmHg at 77°F
Flash point	138°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.10	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0682
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	CSC tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-01]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	3 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.01-0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	NIOSH 1003 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	50 ppm (285 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	50 ppm [1972]	PEL-TWA	50 ppm (285 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	75 ppm (428 mg/m³)	TLV-STEL	75 ppm [1972]	PEL-STEL	75 ppm (428 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - O-Chlorostyrene

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - o-Chlorostyrene

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - o-Chlorostyrene. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/07/2021

PENTABORANE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	19624-22-7
Formula	B₅H₉
Synonyms	pentaboron nonahydride

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless liquid with a pungent odor like sour milk.
Boiling point	140°F	Molecular weight	63.17
Freezing point/melting point	-52°F	Vapor pressure	171 mmHg
Flash point	86°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.62	Ionization potential	9.90 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	0.42%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	98%
NFPA health rating	4	NFPA fire rating	4
NFPA reactivity rating	2	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	0.005 ppm (0.01 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	0.005 ppm (0.01 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA	0.005 ppm (0.01 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	0.015 ppm (0.03 mg/m³)	TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL	0.015 ppm (0.03 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes: Visit the ACGIH TLV site for specific data		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	1 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Pentaborane

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Pentaborane

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Pentaborane. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 05/19/2026

2-CHLORO-6-(TRICHLOROMETHYL) PYRIDINE (NITRAPYRIN)†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	1929-82-4
Formula	C₆H₃Cl₄N
Synonyms	2-chloro-6-(trichloro-methyl)pyridine; N-serve; 2,2,2,6-tetrachloro-2-picoline

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless or white, crystalline solid with a mild, sweet odor.
Boiling point	277 to 280°F at 11 mmHg	Molecular weight	230.9
Freezing point/melting point	145°F	Vapor pressure	0.003 mmHg at 73°F
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	9135 (total dust)	9130 (respirable dust)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Tared low-ash 37 mm PVC filter, 5 microns [SLTC108]	Tared low-ash 37 mm PVC filter, 5 microns, preceded by 10 mm nylon Dorr-Oliver cyclone for respirable samples. [SLTC108]
Sampling time^*	240-480 min	240-480 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	960 L	816 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	2 L/min	1.7 L/min ±5%
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	Gravimetric	Gravimetric
Method reference	OSHA PV2121 (partially validated)	OSHA PV2121 (partially validated)
Notes	If the net weight of the sample yields a concentration below the PEL after considering the associated SAE , the SLTC will perform no further work on the sample and the sample air concentration will be reported as the calculated gravimetric air concentration. If the net weight corresponds to an amount greater than the PEL value after considering the associated SAE, the sample may be analyzed for the applicable component and appropriate results will be reported.	If the filter is not overloaded, samples can be collected up to an 8-hour period. If the net weight of the sample yields a concentration below the PEL after considering the associated SAE , the SLTC will perform no further work on the sample and the sample air concentration will be reported as the calculated gravimetric air concentration. If the net weight corresponds to an amount greater than the PEL value after considering the associated SAE, the sample may be analyzed for the applicable component and appropriate results will be reported.
Special requirements	FOR TOTAL DUST, DO NOT USE A CYCLONE!!

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	5 mg/m³ (respirable fraction), 15 mg/m³ (total dust)	REL-TWA	10 mg/m³ (total dust), 5 mg/m³ (respirable fraction)	TLV-TWA	10 mg/m³ (inhalable fraction and vapor) [1992]	PEL-TWA	10 mg/m³ (total dust), 5 mg/m³ (respirable fraction)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	20 mg/m³	TLV-STEL	20 mg/m³ (inhalable fraction and vapor) [1992]	PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Nitrapyrin

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - 2-Chloro-6-trichloromethyl pyridine

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Nitrapyrin. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 12/15/2020

DIBORANE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	19287-45-7
Formula	B₂H₆
Synonyms	boroethane; boron hydride; diboron hexahydride

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless gas with a repulsive, sweet odor.
Boiling point	-135°F	Molecular weight	27.7
Freezing point/melting point	-265°F	Vapor pressure	224 mmHg at -169°F
Flash point	-130°F	Vapor density	0.97
Specific gravity	0.447 at -169.6°F	Ionization potential	11.38 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	0.8%	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	88%
NFPA health rating	4	NFPA fire rating	4
NFPA reactivity rating	3	NFPA special instruction	W: Reacts violently or explosively with water
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	0862
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	PTFE filter & oxidizer-impregnated charcoal (100/50 mg) [no longer available]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	60-260 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.5-1 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	ICP
Method reference	NIOSH 6006 (fully validated)
Notes	This media is no longer available. OSHA staff please contact the SLTC prior to sampling at (801) 233-5100.
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device	Detector tube	Infrared spectrophotometer
Model/Type	Dräger 6718101	Miran 1A & 1B
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)	0.05-3 ppm range	0.6 ppm@3.8 µm

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	0.1 ppm (0.1 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	0.1 ppm (0.1 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	0.1 ppm [1990]	PEL-TWA	0.1 ppm
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	15 ppm
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3: --/1 ppm/3 ppm

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Diborane

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Diborane

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Diborane. See annual publication for most recent information.
Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards. US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Publication No. 81-123, (1981, January). Provides a table of contents of guidelines for many hazardous chemicals. The files provide technical chemical information, including chemical and physical properties, health effects, exposure limits, and recommendations for medical monitoring, personal protective equipment (PPE), and control procedures.

Last Updated Date : 01/22/2024

PICLORAM†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	1918-02-1
Formula	C₆H₃Cl₃N₂O₂
Synonyms	4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid; 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-picolinic acid; ATCP; Tordon

Physical Properties
Physical description	Fine beige crystals or white powder with a chlorine-like odor.
Boiling point	decomposes	Molecular weight	241.46
Freezing point/melting point	392°F (decomposes)	Vapor pressure	0.0000006 mmHg at 95°F
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	2017 (total dust)	P158 (respirable fraction)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	GFF (37 mm), Type A/E [AP4003705]	GFF (37 mm), Type A/E, preceded by 10 mm nylon cyclone [AP4003705]
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	480 L	816 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1 L/min	1.7 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	HPLC-UV	HPLC-UV
Method reference	OSHA PV2049 (partially validated)	OSHA PV2049 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method	Limit the amount of bulk submitted to 1 g or 1 mL.

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	15 mg/m³ (total dust), 5 mg/m³ (respirable fraction)	REL-TWA		TLV-TWA	10 mg/m³ [1992]	PEL-TWA	10 mg/m³ (total dust), 5 mg/m³ (respirable fraction)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes: See Appendix D - Substances with No Established RELs.		Notes:		Notes: See footnote [n].
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A4, IARC-3		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Picloram

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Picloram

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Picloram. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/08/2021

ATRAZINE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	1912-24-9
Formula	C₈H₁₄ClN₅
Synonyms	2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine; 6-chloro-N-ethyl-N'- (1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless or white, odorless, crystalline powder.
Boiling point	decomposes	Molecular weight	215.7
Freezing point/melting point	340°F	Vapor pressure	0.0000003 mmHg
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	1.19	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	1
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA	5 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	2 mg/m³ (inhalable particulate matter) [2013]	PEL-TWA	5 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: Not established		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: IARC-3, TLV-A4		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Atrazine

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Atrazine

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Atrazine [1912-24-9] and related symmetrical triazines. See annual publication for most recent information.
Catenacci, G., Barbieri, F., Bersani, M., Ferioli, A., Cottica, D. and Maroni, M.: Biological monitoring of human exposure to atrazine. Toxicol. Lett. 69(2): 217-222, 1993.
Cooper, R.L., Stoker, T.E., Tyrey, L., Goldman, J.M. and McElroy, W.K.: Atrazine disrupts the hypothalamic control of pituitary-ovarian function. Toxicol. Sci. 53(2): 297-307, 2000.
Lang, D.H., Lettie, A.E. and Bocker, R.H.: Identification of enzymes involved in the metabolism of atrazine, terbuthylazine, ametryne, and terbutryne in human liver microsomes. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 10(9): 1037-1044, 1997.
Rogers, M.D.: Risk analysis under uncertainty, the Precautionary Principle, and the new EU chemicals strategy. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 37(3): 370-381, 2003.
Stoker, T.E., Guidici, D.L., Laws, S.C. and Cooper, R.L.: The effects of atrazine metabolites on puberty and thyroid function in the male Wistar rat. Toxicol. Sci. 67(2): 198-206, 2002.
Sullivan, K.B. and Spence, K.M.: Effects of sublethal concentrations of atrazine and nitrate on metamorphosis of the African clawed frog. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 22(3): 627-635, 2003.
Swan, S.H., et al.: Semen quality in relation to biomarkers of pesticide exposure. Environ. Health Perspect. 111(12): 1478-1484, 2003.

Last Updated Date : 12/17/2020

DI(ETHYLENE GLYCOL) ETHYL ETHER ACRYLATE

Chemical Identification
CAS #	7328-17-8
Formula	C₉H₁₆O₄
Synonyms	ethyl diglycol acrylate; 2-propenoic acid, 2-(2-ethoxy-ethoxy)ethyl ether

Physical Properties
Physical description	Liquid
Boiling point	203°F	Molecular weight	188.22
Freezing point/melting point	-86.8°F	Vapor pressure
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	D945
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	Chromosorb® 106 (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-110]
Sampling time^*	240 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	48 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA PV2132 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA		REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA	Skin notation	NA
Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established		Notes: Not established
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Not listed

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Not listed

Literature References

Last Updated Date : 12/22/2020

BENOMYL†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	17804-35-2
Formula	C₁₄H₁₈N₄O₃
Synonyms	methyl 1-(butylcarbamoyl)-2-benzimidazolecarbamate; Benlate; Tersan1991

Physical Properties
Physical description	White crystalline solid with a faint, acrid odor.
Boiling point	decomposes	Molecular weight	290.4
Freezing point/melting point	>572°F (decomposes)	Vapor pressure	<0.00001 mmHg
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity		Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	B407 (total dust)	B405 (respirable fraction)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	OSHA versatile sampler (OVS-2) - 13 mm XAD-2 tube (270/140 mg) with GFF enclosed [SKC 226-30-16]	OSHA versatile sampler (OVS-2) - 13 mm XAD-2 tube (270/140 mg) with GFF enclosed [SKC 226-30-16]
Sampling time^*	60 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	60 L	60 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	1 L/min	1.7 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	HPLC-UV	HPLC-UV
Method reference	OSHA PV2107 (partially validated)	OSHA PV2107 (partially validated)
Notes	FOR TOTAL DUST, DO NOT USE A CYCLONE!!	OVS-2 must be preceded by 10 mm nylon cyclone!
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media	Wipe with GFF (37 mm), Type A/E [AP4003705]
Bulk Method	Limit the amount of bulk submitted to 1 g or 1 mL.

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	15 mg/m³ (total dust), 5 mg/m³ (respirable fraction)	REL-TWA		TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA	10 mg/m³ (total dust), 5 mg/m³ (respirable fraction)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes: See Appendix D - Substances with No Established RELs		Notes: Visit the ACGIH TLV site for specific data dermal sensitizer (DSEN)		Notes: See footnote [n].
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH
Carcinogenic classifications: TLV-A3		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Benomyl

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Benomyl

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Benomyl. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 04/02/2024

DECABORANE†

Chemical Identification
CAS #	17702-41-9
Formula	B₁₀H₁₄
Synonyms	decaboron tetradecahydride

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to white crystalline solid with an intense, bitter, chocolate-like odor.
Boiling point	415°F	Molecular weight	122.2
Freezing point/melting point	211°F	Vapor pressure	0.2 mmHg
Flash point	176°F	Vapor density
Specific gravity	0.94	Ionization potential	9.88 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating	3	NFPA fire rating	2
NFPA reactivity rating	2	NFPA special instruction	W: Reacts violently or explosively with water
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media
Sampling time^*
Sampling volume (TWA)^*
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments
Method reference
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	0.05 ppm (0.3 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	0.05 ppm (0.3 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA	0.05 ppm [1979]	PEL-TWA	0.05 ppm (0.3 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	0.15 ppm (0.9 mg/m³)	TLV-STEL	0.15 ppm [1979]	PEL-STEL	0.15 ppm (0.9 mg/m³)
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y	Skin notation	Y
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes:		Notes:		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	15 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: Not listed		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Decaborane

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Decaborane

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Decaborane. See annual publication for most recent information.

Last Updated Date : 01/28/2021

PARAQUAT METHOSULFATE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

O-CHLOROSTYRENE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

PENTABORANE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

2-CHLORO-6-(TRICHLOROMETHYL) PYRIDINE (NITRAPYRIN)†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

DIBORANE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

PICLORAM†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

ATRAZINE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

DI(ETHYLENE GLYCOL) ETHYL ETHER ACRYLATE

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

BENOMYL†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References

DECABORANE†

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References