Abstract: At approximately 2:15 p.m. on April 17, 1991, Employees #1 and #2 were in a 12 ft deep straight wall excavation without shoring. They were installing an underground water line tee and valves to a line installed two weeks earlier by boring under the road bed. There was heavy traffic on the road with a truck parked along the excavation. The soil caved in under the curb and struck the employees. Employee #1 was killed and Employee #2 was hospitalized. The employees had a ladder and were wearing hard hats. They had attended a county trench safety program two years ago. There was no safety program, no competent trained person on site, no poster, and no hazardous communication program.