Abstract: On March 5, 2014, Employee #1, employed by a concrete and framing construction contractor doing business as California Seismic Construction Company, was engaged in exterior carpentry at a commercial building. Employee #1 was on the roof replacing rotted 2 by 6's when he fell through the roof to the surface below, a fall height of approximately 13 feet. Emergency services were called, and Employee #1 was transported to the hospital, where he was admitted and treated for a skull fracture and a right zygomatic arch (cheekbone) fracture. The employer reported this incident to Cal/OSHA on March 7, 2014. During the subsequent investigation, it was determined that Employee #1 was not wearing fall protection when he fell. The immediate cause of the fall was determined to be Employee #1 stepping on rotted wood.