Abstract: On July 22, 2009, Employee #1, a journeyman carpenter with Griffith Company (a bridge construction contractor), was working outdoors in a hot environment building formwork at the Fairmont Avenue extension and bridge project. His tasks included hammering, plumbing and lifting line panels. When he reported heat cramps, he was escorted to a shaded area. Employee #1 then drove home. Later that day, he was admitted to Kaiser Permanente Hospital for treatment a heat-related illness. Sufficient water supply and shade had been present at the worksite; however, the employer failed to train its employees on heat illness prevention.