Abstract: On July 23, 2009, Employee #1 was opening the dome lid of a railcar filled with solidified sulfur. The lid was opened to relieve pressure when adding steam to the railcar steam coils to liquefy the solidified sulfur. The dome lid has 6 bolts holding the dome lid shut. Employee #1 had removed three bolts and loosened two. He was alone when opening the railcar dome and was not wearing respiratory protection or a personal hydrogen sulfide monitor. It appeared as if he was attempting to stay upwind. Air monitoring of a coworker, while opening the same railcar, showed an exposure of 90 ppm, on a ten minute time weighted average. Employee #1 died.