Abstract: At approximately 3:15 p.m. on Friday, April 20, 2007, Employee #1 was working for a firm that manufactured heavy machinery and construction equipment, operating an engine lathe running at 494 rpm. Using a 2-foot-long strip of emery cloth, he was tooling and deburring a shaft approximately 6 inches long. There was no keyway in the shaft, and it appeared smooth. Suddenly, the emery cloth wrapped upon itself, pulling Employee #1's hand into the in-running nip point of the rotating shaft and emery cloth. His hand was amputated just above the wrist. He was flown by helicopter to Alexian Brothers Medical Center Hospital in Elk Grove Village, Illinois. The hand had been preserved, and it was reattached in a 12-hour surgery.