DIPHENYL (BIPHENYL) | Occupational Safety and Health Administration

DIPHENYL (BIPHENYL)‡

Chemical Identification
CAS #	92-52-4
Formula	C₁₂H₁₀
Synonyms	biphenyl; phenylbenzene; lemonene; xenene; 1,1-biphenyl; bibenzene

Physical Properties
Physical description	Colorless to pale-yellow solid with a pleasant, characteristic odor.
Boiling point	489°F	Molecular weight	154.2
Freezing point/melting point	156°F	Vapor pressure	0.005 mmHg
Flash point	235°F	Vapor density	5.31
Specific gravity	1.04	Ionization potential	7.95 eV
Lower explosive limit (LEL)	0.6% at 232°F	Upper explosive limit (UEL)	5.8% at 331°F
NFPA health rating	1	NFPA fire rating	1
NFPA reactivity rating	0	NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	1011
Sampling group
Sampler/Sampling media	XAD-7 tube (100/50 mg) [SKC 226-95]
Sampling time^*	100 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	20 L
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	0.2 L/min
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*
Analytical method instruments	GC-FID
Method reference	OSHA PV2022 (partially validated)
Notes
Special requirements

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Bulk/Wipe Method
Wipe Sampler/Sampling media
Bulk Method

On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

**Exposure Limits**
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	0.2 ppm (1 mg/m³)	REL-TWA	0.2 ppm (1 mg/m³)	TLV-TWA		PEL-TWA	0.2 ppm (1.5 mg/m³)
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL		TLV-STEL		PEL-STEL
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: See 29 CFR 1910.1003, 13 Carcinogens.		Notes:		Notes: Visit the ACGIH TLV site for specific data		Notes:
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	100 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications: EPA-D		Notes:
AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Biphenyl

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Diphenyl

Literature References

ACGIH: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) - Biphenyl. See annual publication for most recent information.
U.S. EPA Integrated Risk Information System: 1,1-Biphenyl (CASRN 92-52-4).
Häkkinen, I., Siltanen, E., Hernberg, S., Seppäläinen, A.M., Karli, P. and Vikkula, E.: Diphenyl poisoning in fruit paper production: a new health hazard. Arch. Environ. Health 26(2): 70-74, 1973.
Halpaap, K., Horning, M.G. and Horning, E.C.: Metabolism of biphenyl in the rat. J. Chromatogr. 166(2): 479-490, 1978.
Meyer, T. and Scheline, R.R.: The metabolism of biphenyl. II. Phenolic metabolites in the rat. Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. (Copenh.) 39(4): 419-432, 1976.
Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Biphenyl. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 341-342.
Tanaka, A., Morimoto, K. and Yamaha, T.: Small scale synthesis of labeled diphenyl and its binding to mouse liver microsomes. Radioisotopes 42: 564-568, 1993.
Wastensson, G., Hagberg, S., Andersson, E, Johnels, B. and Barregård, L.: Parkinson's disease in diphenyl-exposed workers-a causal association? Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. 12(1): 29-34, 2006.

Last Updated Date : 04/03/2024

DIPHENYL (BIPHENYL)‡

Chemical Identification

Physical Properties

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA

Bulk/Wipe Method

On-Site Screening Techniques

Exposure Limits

Additional Resources and Literature References