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UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Cl₃N

agene; chlorine nitride; trichloramine; trichlorine nitride

NA

NA

NA

NA

Not established

Not established

Not established

Not established

NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Not listed

NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Not listed

Literature References

• Barbee, S.J., Thackara, J.W. and Rinehart, W.E.: Acute inhalation toxicology of nitrogen trichloride. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 44(2): 145-146, 1983.
• Bernard, A., Carbonnelle, S., Michel, O., Higuet, S., De Burbure, C., Buchet, J.P., Hermans, C., Dumont, X. and Doyle, I.: Lung hyperpermeability and asthma prevalence in schoolchildren: unexpected associations with the attendance at indoor chlorinated swimming pools. Occup. Environ. Med. 60(6): 385-394, 2003.
• Carbonnelle, S., Francaux, M., Doyle, I., Dumont, X., de Burbure, C., Morel, G., Michel, O. and Bernard, A.: Changes in serum pneumoproteins caused by short-term-exposure to nitrogen trichloride in indoor chlorinated swimming pools. Biomarkers 7(6): 464-478, 2002.
• Dokter, T.: Formation of NCl3 and N2O in the reaction of NaOCl and nitrogen compounds. J. Hazard. Mater. 12: 207-224, 1985.
• Gagnaire, F., Azim, S., Bonnet, P., Hecht, G. and Hery, M.: Comparison of the sensory irritation response in mice to chlorine and nitrogen trichloride. J. Appl. Toxicol. 14(6): 405-409, 1994.
• Hery, M., Gerber, J.M., Hecht, G., Subra, I., Possoz, C., Aubert, S., Dieudonne, M. and Andre, J.C.: Exposure to chloramines in a green salad processing plant. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 42: 437-451, 1998.
• Hery, M., Hecht, G., Gerber, J.M., Hubert, G., Subra, I., Aubert, S., Gerardin, F. and Dorotte, M.: Occupational exposure during cleaning and disinfection in the food industry. Occup. Hyg. 5(2): 131-144, 1999.
• Hery, M., Hecht, G., Gerber, J.M., Gendre, J.C., Hubert G. and Rebuffaud, J.: Exposure to chloramines in the atmosphere of indoor swimming pools. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 39: 427-439, 1995.
• King, B.S., Page, E.H., Mueller, C.A., Dollberg, D.D., Gomez, K.E. and Warren, A.M.: Eye and respiratory symptoms in poultry processing workers exposed to chlorine by-products. Am. J. Ind. Med. 49(2): 119-126, 2006.
• Massin, N., Bohadana, A.B., Wild, P., Mery, M., Toamain, J.P. and Hubert, G.:Respiratory symptoms and bronchial responsiveness in lifeguards exposed to nitrogen trichloride in indoor swimming pools. Occup. Environ. Med. 55: 258-263, 1998.
• Massin, N., et al.: Respiratory symptoms and bronchial responsiveness among cleaning and disinfecting workers in the food industry. Occup. Environ. Med. 64(2): 75-81, 2007.
• Nemery, B., Hoet, P.H.M. and Nowak, D.: Indoor swimming pools, water chlorination and respiratory health (editorial). Eur. Respir. J. 19(5): 790-793, 2002.
• Penny, P.T.: Swimming pool wheezing. Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed.) 287(6390): 461-462, 1983.
• Sanderson, W.T., Weber, A. and Echt, A.: Case reports: epidemic eye and upper respiratory irritation in poultry processing plants. Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 10(1): 43-49, 1995.
• Shaw, C.A., Bains, J.S., Pasqualotto, B.A. and Curry, K.: Methionine sulfoximine shows excitotoxic actions in rat cortical slices. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 77(11): 871-877, 1999.
• Skipton, S. and Dvorak, B.: Drinking water: chloramines water disinfection in Omaha Metropolitan Utilities District. Nebraska Cooperative Extension File NF02-505, 2002.
• Thickett, K.M., McCoach, J.S., Gerber, J.M., Sadhra, S. and Burge, P.S.: Occupational asthma caused by chloramines in indoor swimming-pool air. Eur. Respir. J. 19(5): 827-832, 2002.