ZINC OXIDE, DUST & FUME | Occupational Safety and Health Administration

ZINC OXIDE, DUST & FUME†

Chemical Identification
Chemical Identification
CAS #	1314-13-2
Formula	ZnO
Synonyms	zinc peroxide

Physical Properties
Physical Properties
Physical description	White, odorless solid.
Boiling point		Molecular weight	81.4
Freezing point/melting point	3587°F	Vapor pressure	0 mmHg (approx)
Flash point		Vapor density
Specific gravity	5.61	Ionization potential
Lower explosive limit (LEL)		Upper explosive limit (UEL)
NFPA health rating		NFPA fire rating
NFPA reactivity rating		NFPA special instruction
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR)
Historical exceedance percentage
Target organs

Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA
Analyte code (IMIS no.)	2610	2610	Z102 (total) [request analyte codes 9135 & Z102], Z103 (resp); [request analyte codes 9130 & Z103]
Sampling group	METALSSG-2	METALSSG-3
Sampler/Sampling media	Pre-assembled cassette with mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 micron (37 mm) [MAWP037A0]	Pre-assembled cassette with mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 micron (37 mm) [MAWP037A0]	Tared low-ash 37 mm PVC filter, 5 microns [SLTC108]
Sampling time^*	240-480 min	240-480 min	240-480 min
Sampling volume (TWA)^*	480-960 L	480-960 L	960 L (total); 816 L (resp)
Sampling flow rate (TWA)^*	2 L/min	2 L/min	2 L/min (total); 1.7 L/min ±5% (resp)
Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)^*			408-960 L (total); 408-816 L (resp)
Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)^*			2 L/min (total); 1.7 L/min ±5% (resp)
Analytical method instruments	ICP	ICP-MS	Gravimetric
Method reference	OSHA ID-125G (fully validated)	OSHA ID-206 (fully validated)	OSHA PV2121 (partially validated)
Notes	Results will be reported from the elemental analysis for the element only; the stated identity of the actual sample contents is based on the assumption that the material sampled is as identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes. An elemental result provided may be converted to the desired compound by multiplying the result by the appropriate stoichiometric factor. A 91B report specific to the compound (including the stoichiometric conversion) may by be provided upon request by contacting the laboratory. The stoichiometric factor for zinc oxide from zinc is 1.245. The physical form of a sample (dust, mist, or fume) is identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes.	Results will be reported from the elemental analysis for the element only; the stated identity of the actual sample contents is based on the assumption that the material sampled is as identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes. An elemental result provided may be converted to the desired compound by multiplying the result by the appropriate stoichiometric factor. A 91B report specific to the compound (including the stoichiometric conversion) may by be provided upon request by contacting the laboratory. The stoichiometric factor for zinc oxide from zinc is 1.245. The physical form of a sample (dust, mist, or fume) is identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes.	Samples collected for this compound are first analyzed gravimetrically. If the gravimetric result of a sample yields a concentration below the permissible exposure limit (PEL), the Salt Lake Technical Center will report the calculated air concentration for the requested compound solely from the gravimetric result, qualified as less than or equal to the gravimetric result; no further work on the sample will be performed. If the gravimetric result indicates an air concentration greater than the PEL, the sample will proceed for elemental analysis. Results will be reported from the elemental analysis for the element only; the stated identity of the actual sample contents is based on the assumption that the material sampled is as identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes. An elemental result provided may be converted to the desired compound by multiplying the result by the appropriate stoichiometric factor. A 91B report specific to the compound (including the stoichiometric conversion) may by be provided upon request by contacting the laboratory. The stoichiometric factor for zinc oxide from zinc is 1.245. The standard applies to the Respirable Fraction for Z103. These samples must be collected with a Dorr-Oliver cyclone. The physical form of a sample (dust, mist, or fume) is identified by the compliance officer using available documentation of materials and processes.
Special requirements	For the entire suite of analytes listed in METALSSG-2, request analyte code 2587.	For the entire suite of analytes listed in METALSSG-3, which may be found during soldering and brazing operations, request analyte code S131.	FOR TOTAL DUST SAMPLES, DO NOT USE A CYCLONE!! For respirable samples, media must be preceded by a 10 mm nylon Dorr-Oliver cyclone.

^* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.

Wipe Method
Wipe Method
Sampler/Sampling media	Contact SLTC for information. Zinc is not reported for Ghost Wipes.

Bulk Method
Bulk Method
This analysis is for the metal component of this analyte only. The conversion back to the analyte is a mathematical one assuming all metal present is from the analyte source. Request using analyte code Z100.

On-Site Screening Techniques
On-Site Screening Techniques
Device
Model/Type
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions)

Exposure Limits
Exposure Limits
OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak		NIOSH REL Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		ACGIH TLV© 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling		CAL/OSHA PEL 8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak
PEL-TWA	5 mg/m³	REL-TWA	5 mg/m³	TLV-TWA	2 mg/m³ (respirable particulate matter) [2001]	PEL-TWA	5 mg/m³
PEL-STEL		REL-STEL	10 mg/m³	TLV-STEL	10 mg/m³ (respirable particulate matter) [2001]	PEL-STEL	10 mg/m³
PEL-C		REL-C		TLV-C		PEL-C
Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N	Skin notation	N
Notes: The OSHA PEL listed is for ZnO Fume. For dusts, the PEL is 15 mg/m³ (total) and 5 mg/m³ (resp). See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1.		Notes: NIOSH REL listed is for ZnO fume. For dusts, the REL TWA is 5 mg/m³, and the ceiling value (C) is 15 mg/m³.		Notes:		Notes: For zinc oxide dust, see Particulates not otherwise regulated.
Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem.		IDLH	500 mg/m³
Carcinogenic classifications:		Notes:

AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:

Additional Resources and Literature References
Additional Resources and Literature References
NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Zinc oxide, crude NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Zinc oxide Literature References NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Zinc Peroxide. ACGIH: Documentation of the threshold limit values (TLVs) and biological exposure indices (BEIs) - Zinc oxide. See annual publication for most recent information. Fine, J.M. et al.: Characterization of clinical tolerance to inhaled zinc oxide in naive subjects and sheet metal workers. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 42(11): 1085-1091, 2000. Kuschner, W.G., D'Alessandro, A., Wong, H. and Blanc, P.D.: Early pulmonary cytokine responses to zinc oxide fume inhalation. Environ. Res. 75(1): 7-11, 1997. NIOSH: Criteria for a Recommended Standard - Occupational Exposure to Zinc Oxide. 1975. NIOSH: Occupational Health Guideline for Zinc Oxide Fume. September 1978.

Last Updated Date : 08/04/2022

Group Sampling Information
Sampling Media	Sampling Time (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)	TWA Sampling Volume (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)	TWA Flow Rate (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)
mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF)	240-480 min	480-960 L	2 L/min

Analytes Sampling Information
Analytes	IMIS Code	Wipe Sampling	Incompatibilities
Iron*	I200	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Vanadium*	V125	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Zinc*	Z100	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Chromium, Metal & Insoluble salts (as Cr)**	0685	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe	Hexavalent Chromium
Cobalt, Metal, Dust & Fume (as Co)	0720	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe	Tungsten
Copper Dust & Mists (as Cu)	0730	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Copper Fume (as Cu)	0731	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Iron Oxide Fume	1520	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Manganese, Compounds & Fume (as Mn)***	1620	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Molybdenum, Dust & Insoluble compounds, (as Mo)	1790	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Nickel, Metal, & Insoluble compounds (as Ni)	1840	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Vanadium, Respirable Dust & Fume	2571	Yes, with a Ghost Wipe
Zinc Oxide Fume	2610	Contact SLTC for information

Notes

Request any or all of these analytes together. Entire group can be requested with analyte code 2587.

Results for unrequested analytes in this group will be reported if significant amount are found.

There is no need to contact SLTC before sampling.

This analysis can be pre-analyzed gravimetrically if collected on a pre-weighted PVC filter obtained from SLTC.

*These 3 codes are used for bulk sample results in place of their metal oxides.

**Please note that this is NOT hexavalent chromium.

***For Manganese STEL take only a 10-30 L sample.

Group Sampling Information
Sampling Media	Sampling Time (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)	TWA Sampling Volume (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)	TWA Flow Rate (If there are exceptions they will be in Notes)
mixed cellulose ester filter (MCEF) 0.8 microns	240-480 min	480-960 L	2 L/min

Analytes Sampling Information
Analytes	IMIS Code	Wipe Sampling
Antimony & Compounds (as Sb)	0230	Whatman smear tab
Cadmium	C141	Whatman smear tab
Copper, Fume (as Cu)	0730	Whatman smear tab
Lead	1591	Whatman smear tab
Silver, Metal & Soluble Compounds (as Ag)	2240	Whatman smear tab
Tin, Inorganic Compounds (except oxides) (as Sn)	2430	Whatman smear tab
Zinc Oxide Fume	2610	Whatman smear tab

Notes

For the entire suite of analytes listed in METALSSG-3, request analyte code S131.

There is no need to contact SLTC before sampling.

Elemental results for all analytes in this group will be reported if significant amounts are found.

Gravimetric pre-analysis may be requested if a sample is collected on a pre-weighted PVC filter obtained from SLTC. In this case, request the relevant gravimetric analyte code along with the other(s).