HYDROGEN CYANIDE†
Chemical Identification | |
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CAS # | 74-90-8 |
Formula |
CHN |
Synonyms |
formonitrile; hydrocyanic acid; prussic acid |
Physical Properties | |||
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Physical description | Colorless or pale-blue liquid or gas (above 78°F) with a bitter, almond-like odor. | ||
Boiling point | 78°F (96%) | Molecular weight | 27 |
Freezing point/melting point | 7°F (96%) | Vapor pressure | 630 mmHg |
Flash point | 0°F (96%) | Vapor density | |
Specific gravity | 0.69 | Ionization potential | 13.60 eV |
Lower explosive limit (LEL) | 5.6% | Upper explosive limit (UEL) | 40% |
NFPA health rating | 4 | NFPA fire rating | 4 |
NFPA reactivity rating | 1 | NFPA special instruction | |
Vapor hazard ratio (VHR) | |||
Historical exceedance percentage | |||
Target organs |
Monitoring Methods Used by OSHA | ||||||
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Analyte code (IMIS no.) | 1440 | |||||
Sampling group | ||||||
Sampler/Sampling media | SKC ULTRA II Hydrogen Cyanide Passive Sampler, Soda Lime, 600 mg [SKC 590-400] | |||||
Sampling time* | 240 min |
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Sampling volume (TWA)* | 6.816 L |
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Sampling flow rate (TWA)* | 0.0284 L/min |
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Sampling volume (STEL/Peak/C)* |
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Sampling flow rate (STEL/Peak/C)* |
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Analytical method instruments | IC | |||||
Method reference | OSHA 1015 (fully validated) | |||||
Notes | If hydrogen sulfide is present at its PEL, there could be an interference and a thiocyanate peak will be seen at the same IC conditions ran for cyanide. |
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Special requirements |
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* All sampling instructions above are recommended guidelines for OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs), please see the corresponding OSHA method reference for complete details.
Wipe Method | |
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Sampler/Sampling media |
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Bulk Method |
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Available |
On-Site Screening Techniques | ||||||
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Device | Detector tube | CMS Chip | ||||
Model/Type | Dräger - Cyanide 2/a, 6728791 | Hydrocyanic acid, 2-50 ppm range | ||||
Sampling information (see manufacturer instructions) |
10 strokes, approx 1-15 mg/m³ range, uncertainty 33-49% |
Exposure Limits | |||||||
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OSHA PEL
8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling Peak |
NIOSH REL
Up to 10-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling |
ACGIH TLV©
8-hour TWA (ST) STEL (C) Ceiling |
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PEL-TWA |
10 ppm (11 mg/m³) |
REL-TWA |
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TLV-TWA |
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PEL-TWA |
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PEL-STEL |
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REL-STEL |
4.7 ppm (5 mg/m³) |
TLV-STEL |
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PEL-STEL |
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PEL-C |
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REL-C |
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TLV-C |
4.7 ppm [1991] |
PEL-C |
4.7 ppm (5 mg/m³) |
Skin notation |
Y |
Skin notation |
Y |
Skin notation |
Y |
Skin notation |
Y |
Notes: |
Notes:
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Notes:
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Notes:
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Health factors: See NIH-NLM PubChem. | IDLH |
50 ppm |
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Carcinogenic classifications: EPA-II |
Notes:
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AIHA emergency response planning guidelines - ERPG-1/ERPG-2/ERPG-3:
--/10 ppm/25 ppm |
Additional Resources and Literature References |
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NOAA: CAMEO Chemicals - Hydrocyanic acid, aqueous solution, with not more than 20% hydrogen cyanide NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Hydrogen cyanide Literature References
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Last Updated Date : 12/31/2020