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Chemical Sampling Information |
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| Isopropyl Alcohol |
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General Description
Synonyms: Isopropanol; IPA; 2-Propanol; sec-Propyl alcohol
OSHA IMIS Code Number: 1560
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 67-63-0
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: NT8050000
Department of Transportation Regulation Number (49 CFR 172.101) and Guide: 1219 129
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Isopropyl Alcohol: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more
Exposure Limits
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1000 Z-1 Table -- 400 ppm, 980 mg/m3 TWA
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Construction Industry: 29 CFR 1926.55 Appendix A -- 400 ppm, 980 mg/m3 TWA
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Maritime: 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards -- 400 ppm, 980 mg/m3 TWA
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 200 ppm, 491 mg/m3 TWA; 400 ppm, 983 mg/m3 STEL; Appendix A4 - Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen (Listed under Isopropanol)
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): 400 ppm, 980 mg/m3 TWA, 500 ppm, 1,225 mg/m3 STEL
Health Factors
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) carcinogenic classification: Isopropyl Alcohol Manufacture (Strong-Acid Process) - Group 1, carcinogenic to humans; Isopropanol - Group 3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans.
NIOSH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentration (IDLH): 2,000 ppm [LEL]
Potential symptoms: Eye, nose, throat irritation; headache, drowsiness, dizziness, headache; dry cracking skin; eye contact with liquid may cause corneal burns, eye damage; INGES ACUTE: Abdominal pain; labored breathing; reddening of the face, nausea, vomiting; hypotension; hypothermia; unconsciousness.
Health Effects: Irritation-Eye, Nose, Throat, Skin---Mild (HE16); Narcosis (HE8)
Affected organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system.
Notes: 1) The IDLH is 10% of the lower explosive limit (2%). 2) Listed among FDA's "food additives permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption" (21 CFR 172.515). 3) Small differences reported between men and women in the toxicokinetics of inhaled isopropyl alcohol and its major metabolite, acetone, are largely due to sex differences in body weight and % body fat.
Date Last Revised: 02/10/2004
Literature Basis:
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Isopropyl Alcohol.
- International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Isopropyl Alcohol.
- Anonymous: Isopropanol. IARC Monogr. Eval. Carcinog. Risks Hum. 71(Pt. 3): 1027-1036, 1999.
- Ernstgård, L., Sjögren, B., Warholm, M. and Johanson, G.: Sex differences in the toxicokinetics of inhaled solvent vapors in humans. 2. 2-propanol. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 193(2): 158-167, 2003.
- Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Isopropyl Alcohol. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 2. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1352-1354.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
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sampling media: Two Anasorb 747 Tubes (400 mg first/ 200 mg second)
analytical solvent: (60:40) Dimethylformamide/Carbon Disulfide
maximum volume: 18 Liters maximum flow rate: 0.2 L/min
current analytical method: Gas Chromatography; GC/FID
method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA 109)
method classification: Fully Validated
note: After sampling, separate and cap tubes. Label first and second. Reduced temperature sample shipment required.
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sampling media: Charcoal Tube (100/50 mg sections, 20/40 mesh)
analytical solvent: (99:1) Carbon Disulfide/2-Butanol
alternative solvent: (99:1) Carbon Disulfide/Dimethylformamide
alternative solvent: (95:5) Methylene Chloride/Methanol
maximum volume: 3 Liters maximum flow rate: 0.2 L/min (TWA)
maximum volume: 3 Liters maximum flow rate: 0.2 L/min (STEL)
current analytical method: Gas Chromatography; GC/FID
method reference: NIOSH Analytical Method (NIOSH 1400)
method classification: Fully Validated
note: The use of charcoal may give low results from high humidity atmospheres due to an insoluble water phase in the sample solution.
On-Site Sampling Techniques/Methods:
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device: Detector Tube
manufacturer: Gastec
model/type: 113
sampling information: 0.5 to 2 strokes
upper measurement limit: 5%
detection limit: 0.004%
overall uncertainty: 25% for 0.04 to 0.5%, 16% for 0.5 to 2.5%
method reference: on-site air secondary (manufacturer)
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device: Detector Tube
manufacturer: Gastec
model/type: 113L
sampling information: 1 or 2 strokes
upper measurement limit: 800 ppm
detection limit: 5 ppm
overall uncertainty: 25% for 50 to 200 ppm, 16% for 200 to 800 ppm
method reference: on-site air secondary (manufacturer)
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device: Detector Tube
manufacturer: Matheson-Kitagawa
model/type: 8014-122SA
sampling information: 1 stroke
upper measurement limit: 2.5%
detection limit: approximately 0.02%
overall uncertainty: unknown
method reference: on-site air secondary (manufacturer)
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device: Detector Tube
manufacturer: Matheson-Kitagawa
model/type: 8014-150U
sampling information: 1 or 2 strokes
upper measurement limit: 1200 ppm
detection limit: approximately 10 ppm
overall uncertainty: unknown
method reference: on-site air secondary (manufacturer)
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Page last updated: 10/11/2005
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