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Chemical Sampling Information |
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| Glutaraldehyde |
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General Description
Synonyms: Glutaric dialdehyde; 1,5-Pentanedial
OSHA IMIS Code Number: 1361
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 111-30-8
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: MA2450000
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Glutaraldehyde: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more
Exposure Limits
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 0.05 ppm Ceiling; Sensitizer; Appendix A4 - Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): 0.2 ppm, 0.8 mg/m3 Ceiling; Appendix C - Supplementary Exposure Limits (Aldehydes)
Health Factors
Potential symptoms: Irritation of eyes, skin, respiratory system; dermatitis, skin sensitization; sneezing, cough, wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, asthma, chronic bronchitis; headache; nausea, vomiting; lacrimation. SKIN ABS. INGES ACUTE: Irritation of the mouth and stomach, abdominal pain; diarrhea.
Health Effects: Irritation-Eye, Nose, Skin---Marked (HE14); Asthma (HE9); Lung damage (HE11); Mutagen (HE2).
Affected organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system
Notes: 1) OSHA does not have a PEL for glutaraldehyde. The Maximum Exposure Limit in the United Kingdom was set at 0.05 ppm for both the 8-hour TWA and 15-minute STEL in March 1999. 2) A survey of 318 nurses with exposure to glutaraldehyde indicated a 44% incidence of contact dermatitis. 3) In another study, patch testing indicated an 8-fold incidence of allergy to glutaraldehyde among health-care workers compared with that among non-health-care working peers. The highest incidence was observed in dental hygienists. 4) Although the toxicity of glutaraldehyde may involve the cross-linking of proteins intramolecularly or with other proteins or DNA, two-year carcinogenicity studies in rodents found no increase in neoplasms attributable to glutaraldehyde exposure.
Date Last Revised: 03/28/2005
Literature Basis:
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Glutaraldehyde.
- International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Glutaraldehyde.
- Di Stefano, F., Siriruttanspruk, S., McCoach, J.S. and Burge, P.S.: Occupational asthma due to glutaraldehyde. Monaldi Arch. Chest Dis. 53(1): 50-55, 1998.
- Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Glutaraldehyde. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1207-1209.
- Shaffer, M.P. and Delsito, D.V.: Allergic contact dermatitis from glutaraldehyde in health-care workers. Contact Dermatitis 43(3): 150-156, 2000.
- van Birgelen, A.P.J.M., et al.: Effects of glutaraldehyde in a 2-year inhalation study in rats and mice. Toxicol. Sci. 55(1): 195-205, 2000.
- Vyas, A., et al.: Survey of symptoms, respiratory function, and immunology and their relation to glutaraldehyde and other occupational exposure among endoscopy nursing staff. Occup. Environ. Med. 57(11): 752-759, 2000.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
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sampling media: Two Coated Glass Fiber Filters (Open Face) in one cassette separated by a spacer. The filters are coated with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) and Phosphoric Acid.
analytical solvent: Acetonitrile
minimum time: 15 Minutes maximum flow rate: 1.0 L/min (Ceiling)
current analytical method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography; HPLC/UV
method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA 64)
method classification: Fully Validated
note: Samples must be kept at reduced temperature and shipped to lab cold.
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