Synonyms: 3-Chloropropene; 1-Chloro-2-propene; 3-Chloropropylene

OSHA IMIS Code Number: 0140

Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 107-05-1

NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) Identification Number: UC7350000

Department of Transportation Regulation Number (49 CFR 172.101) and Guide: 1100 131

NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Allyl chloride: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more

OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL):

General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1000 Z-1 Table -- 1 ppm, 3 mg/m³ TWA

Construction Industry: 29 CFR 1926.55 Appendix A -- 1 ppm, 3 mg/m³ TWA

Maritime: 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards -- 1 ppm, 3 mg/m³ TWA

American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 1 ppm, 3 mg/m³ TWA; 2 ppm, 6 mg/m³ STEL; Appendix A3 - Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Relevance to Humans

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL):1 ppm, 3 mg/m³ TWA; 2 ppm, 6 mg/m³ STEL

Carcinogenic Classification:

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Group C, possible human carcinogen

International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): Group 3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenecity to humans [381 KB PDF, 171 pages]

NIOSH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentration (IDLH): 250 ppm

Potential Symptoms: Irritation of eyes, skin, nose, mucous membrane; lacrimation, sneezing, cough, sore throat, labored breathing, pulmonary edema (may be delayed); headache, dizziness, weakness; tingling sensation, coldness, numbness in hands and feet; eye redness, pain, blurred vision; in animals: liver, kidney injury; INGES. ACUTE: Burning sensation, abdominal pain, vomiting.

Health Effects: Irritation- Eye, Nose, Throat---Marked (HE14); Polyneuropathy (HE7); Liver damage (HE3); Mutagen (HE2).

Affected Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, peripheral nervous system, liver, kidneys.

Notes:

1. Vapor/air mixtures of Allyl chloride may be explosive.
2. The major urinary metabolite, 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid, has been studied as a biomarker for occupational exposure to Allyl chloride, and an 8-hour biological exposure index of 352 µg/gram creatinine has been proposed. However, garlic consumption may interfere with an accurate determination of occupational exposure.
3. This metabolite is not specific for Allyl chloride, as it may also be produced from allyl alcohol, allyl formate (and other allyl esters), allyl nitrate, and acrolein.
4. Mechanistic studies of neurochemical changes in rats gavaged with Allyl chloride in corn oil (200 mg/kg, 3 times/week for 12 weeks) indicated toxic effects in the CNS as well as in the peripheral nervous system.
   

Date Last Revised: 06/26/2007

Literature Basis:

• NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Allyl chloride.
• International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Allyl chloride.
• EPA Air Toxics Website: Allylchloride. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Technology Transfer Network.
• De Rooij, B.M., Boogaard, P.J., Commandeur, J.N., van Sittert, N.J. and Vermeulen, N.P.: Allylmercapturic acid as urinary biomarker of human exposure to Allyl chloride. Occup. Environ. Med. 54(9): 653-661, 1997.
• He, F.S. and Zhang, S.L.: Effects of Allyl chloride on occupationally exposed subjects. Scand. J. Work Environ. Health 11(Suppl. 4): 43-45, 1985.
• Kaye, C.M.: Biosynthesis of mercapturic acids from allyl alcohol, allyl esters and acrolein. Biochem. J. 134(4): 1093-1101, 1973.
• Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Allyl chloride. In, Sittig’s Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 97-100.
• Wang, Q.-S., Song, F., Zhao, X., Hou, L.-Y. and Xie, K.-Q.: Expression changes of apoptic-related proteins in nerve tissues of rats treated with Allyl chloride. Toxicology 231(1): 58-67, 2007.

Primary Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method (SLC1):

• sampling media: Charcoal Tube (100/50 mg sections, 20/40 mesh)
  analytical solvent: Benzene
  alternate analytical solvent: (99:1) Carbon Disulfide/Dimethylformamide
  maximum volume: 100 Liters
  minimum volume: 16 Liters
  maximum flow rate: 1.0 L/min
  current analytical method: Gas Chromatography; GC/FID
  method reference: NIOSH Analytical Method (NIOSH 1000 [20 KB PDF, 3 pages])
  method classification: Fully Validated

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