• OSHA Technical Manual (OTM). OSHA Directive TED 01-00-015 [TED 1-0.15A], (1999, January 20). 
  • Physical Agents - Health Care Facilities. Contains general exposure and health effect information for ionizing radiation sources in health care facilities.
• Radiation Protection. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Radiation Protection Division.
  • Health Effects
  • Ionizing Radiation Fact Book. (2007, March), 1 MB PDF, 22 pages. Contains a general description of ionizing radiation types, sources, and health effects.
• For additional information on industries with potential ionizing radiation sources, see OSHA's Safety and Health Topics pages on:
  • Healthcare Facilities
  • Hazardous Waste
  • Semiconductors

Note: These are NOT OSHA regulations. However, they do provide guidance from their originating organizations related to worker protection.

• 10 CFR 20, Standards for Protection Against Radiation. The NRC requires licensees to maintain exposure to the fetus of an occupationally exposed individual to 500 mrem (5 mSv) or less during the gestation period.

• 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Report 60. Recommends a limit of radiation exposure to a member of the general public as 100 mrem/y (1 mSv/y) and the limit for the fetus of an occupationally exposed individual to 200 mrem (2 mSv) during the gestation period.

• Limitation of Exposure to Ionizing Radiation. National Council on Radiation Protection (NCRP) Report 116. Recommends a limit of radiation exposure to a member of the general public as 100 mrem/y (1 mSv/y) and the limit for the fetus of an occupationally exposed individual to 50 mrem (0.5 mSv) per month during the gestation period.

• Radiation Protection. Suggests state regulations for radiation protection. In Subpart D, the suggested regulations state that the limit on exposure to the fetus of an occupationally exposed worker be kept below 500 mrem (5 mSv) during the gestation period.

• Office of Worker Safety and Health - Radiation Protection Policy. Office of Worker Safety and Health Policy. Develops and issues the Department of Energy's occupational radiation protection policy, requirements and guidance.

• UNSCEAR 2000 Report Vol. 1: Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation. United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR). Contains medical radiation doses in Annex D.
  • Annex A: Dose assessment methodologies. 768 KB PDF, 63 pages.
  • Annex B: Exposures from natural radiation sources. 922 KB PDF, 74 pages.
  • Annex C: Exposures to the public from man-made sources of radiation. 2 MB PDF, 134 pages.
  • Annex D: Medical radiation exposures. 2 MB PDF, 203 pages.
  • Annex E: Occupational radiation exposures. 2 MB PDF, 158 pages.
• Exposure of the US population from diagnostic medical radiation. National Council on Radiation Protection (NCRP) Report 100. Contains information on various sources of radiation exposure for the public and the associated radiation doses.
• Sources and magnitude of occupational and public exposures from nuclear medicine procedures. National Council on Radiation Protection (NCRP) Report 124. Contains information on sources of radiation exposure and associated doses from medical nuclear medicine procedures.
• Doses to the embryo and fetus from intakes of radionuclides by the mother. International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Report 88. Contains information on radiation doses from maternal intake of radioactive materials and potential biological effects.
• Patient Information Leaflets. Royal College of Radiologists. A variety of patient information leaflets on Diagnostic Radiology, Intervention Radiology, and Oncology.

• OSHA Technical Manual (OTM). OSHA Directive TED 01-00-015 [TED 1-0.15A], (1999, January 20). 
  • Physical Agents. Contains general exposure and health effect information for ionizing radiation sources in health care facilities.
• Instruction Concerning Prenatal Radiation Exposure. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NCR) Regulatory Guide 8.13, (1999, June), 41 KB PDF, 12 pages. Provides information to pregnant women, and other personnel, to help them make decisions regarding radiation exposure during pregnancy. Supplements Regulatory Guide 8.29, Instruction Concerning Risks from Occupational Radiation Exposure, which contains a broad discussion of the risks from exposure to ionizing radiation.
• Radiation Protection. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Radiation Protection Division.
  • Health Effects.
  • Ionizing Radiation Fact Book. (2007, March), 1 MB PDF, 22 pages. Contains a general description of ionizing radiation types, sources, and health effects.
• Possible Health Effects of Radiation Exposure on Unborn Babies. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Discusses possible health effects to unborn babies from exposure to radiation.
• Pregnancy and medical radiation. International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Report 84. Contains information regarding the potential biological effects of medical procedures involving radiation for the pregnant patient.
• Biological effects after prenatal irradiation (embryo and fetus). International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Report 90. Discusses pregnancy, radiation during pregnancy, health effects and radiation protection.
• Radionuclide exposure of the embryo/fetus: Recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Report 128. Contains information on the effects of radiation exposure during pregnancy.

• Policy on Declared Pregnant Radiation Workers. University of Minnesota.
• Radiation Safety Manual for Laboratory Users.
Princeton University.
• Pregnant Worker in Radiation Environment. University of Maryland.