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- Petroleum Distillates (Naphtha) (Rubber Solvent)
Petroleum Distillates (Naphtha) (Rubber Solvent)
General Description
Synonyms: Aliphatic petroleum naphtha; petroleum naphtha; petroleum ether (95° to 155°C); naphtha
OSHA IMIS code: 2037
CAS number(s): 8002-05-9 (Petroleum distillates [naphtha]); 8032-32-4 (VM & P naphtha); 8030-30-6, 8030-31-7 (naphtha (coal tar), rubber solvent (naphtha))
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
- charcoal tube (100/50 mg sections, 20/40 mesh)
- maximum volume: 3 L
- maximum flow rate: 0.2 L/min
- current analytical method: gas chromatography; GC/FID
- analytical solvent: carbon disulfide
- alternate analytical solvent: (99:1) carbon disulfide:dimethylformamide
- method reference: OSHA 48 (fully validated)
Exposure Limits and Health Effects (Updated September 6, 2012)
| Standard Set By | Exposure Limit | Health Effect Codes -- Health Effects and Target Organs |
|---|---|---|
| OSHA PEL - General Industry See 29 CFR 1910.1000 Table Z-1 |
500 ppm (2000 mg/m3) TWA | |
| HE8 -- dizziness, headache, anesthesia | ||
| HE16 -- irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat | ||
| HE11 -- death by vascular damage and pulmonary edema | ||
| OSHA PEL - Construction Industry See 29 CFR 1926.55 Appendix A See also 1926.6(g)(1) Incorporation by reference |
A3 Gasoline and/or Petroleum Distillates. The composition of these materials varies greatly, and thus, a single TLV for all types of these materials is no longer applicable. The content of benzene, other aromatics, and additives should be determined in order to arrive at the appropriate TLV (ACGIH, 1970). | |
| OSHA PEL - Shipyard Employment See 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z - Shipyards See also 1915.5(d)(3)(i) Incorporation by reference |
A3 Gasoline and/or Petroleum Distillates. The composition of these materials varies greatly, and thus, a single TLV for all types of these materials is no longer applicable. The content of benzene, other aromatics, and additives should be determined in order to arrive at the appropriate TLV (ACGIH, 1970). | |
| NIOSH REL | 350 mg/m3 TWA 1800 mg/m3 Ceiling (15 minutes) |
HE7 -- dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea |
| HE16 -- irritation of the eyes, throat, and skin | ||
| ACGIH TLV® | TLV withdrawn. Rubber solvent (Naphtha) [8030-30-6]: See Naphtha (coal tar) VM & P naphtha [8032-32-4]: See VM & P naphtha |
|
| CAL/OSHA PELs | Rubber solvent (Naphtha) [no CAS]: 400 ppm (1600 mg/m3) TWA VM & P (Varnish Makers and Painters) Naphtha [8030-30-6], Naphtha, coal tar [8030-31-7]: See Naphtha (coal tar) |
Carcinogenic classification:
- NTP: Not listed
- IARC: Group 3 (not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans [crude oil]); Group 3 (not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans [petroleum solvents, including rubber solvent])
- EPA: Not listed
EPA Inhalation Reference Concentration (RfC): Not established
ATSDR Inhalation Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs): Not established
NIOSH IDLH concentration: 1,100 ppm (10% LEL)
Notes on other potential health effects and hazards:
- Petroleum distillates are combustible (NIOSH/IPCS 2001).
- This mixture may contain n-hexane, which is metabolized to the neurotoxin 2,5-hexanedione (see hexane) (Creaser et al. 1983; Ono et al. 1982).
- Exposure to petroleum distillates may increase the risk of developing undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD) (Lacey et al. 1999).
Partial reference list:
- Creaser, C., Welch, J., and Bishop, K.: n-Hexane in petroleum ether fractions. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 27(2): 229-230, 1983.
- Lacey J.V. Jr., Garabrant, D.H., Laing, T.J., Gillespie, B.W., Mayes, M.D., Cooper, B.C., Schottenfeld, D.: Petroleum distillate solvents as risk factors for undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD). Am J Epidemiol 149(8): 761-770, 1999.
- NIOSH: Criteria for a Recommended Standard - Occupational Exposure to Refined Petroleum Solvents. 1977.
- NIOSH: Occupational Health Guideline for Petroleum Distillates (Naphtha). 1978.
- NIOSH: Recommendations for Occupational Safety and Health - Compendium of Policy Documents and Statements. 1992.
- NIOSH/CEC/IPCS: International Chemical Safety Cards - Distillates, Petroleum, Solvent-Refined Heavy Paraffinic. 2001.
- Ono, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Hisanaga, N., Iwata, M., Kitoh, J., and Sugiura, Y.: Neurotoxicity of petroleum benzine compared with n-hexane. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 50(3): 219-229, 1982.
Additional Information
- Department of Transportation Regulation Number (49 CFR 172.101) and Emergency Response Guidebook: 1268 128.
- NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Petroleum Distillates (Naphtha).
- NIOSH: Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number - SE7449000.
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