Synonyms: NPIP; NO-Pip; 1-Nitrosopiperidine

OSHA IMIS Code Number: 1949

Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 100-75-4

NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) Identification Number: TN2100000

Chemical Description and Physical Properties:

yellow liquid
molecular formula: C₅H₁₀N₂O
molecular weight: 114.15
boiling point: 217°C/721 mm Hg

Carcinogenic Classification:

International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): Group 2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans [444 KB PDF, 23 pages]

National Toxicology Program (NTP): Reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogen [216 KB PDF, 1 page]

Potential Symptoms: Irritation of eyes, inflammation of pigmented area, clouded patches of vision from corneal damage; liver damage

Health Effects: Suspected carcinogen (HE2); Possible permanent damage to eyes (HE14)

Affected Organs: Eyes; in rats: esophagus, liver, nasal cavity, stomach

Notes:

1. N-Nitrosopiperidine is an OSHA Select Carcinogen without a PEL, and it appears to be used only as a research chemical.
2. It is thought to undergo activation by α-hydroxylation via the cytochrome P450 2A family (e.g., CYP2A6) to metabolites that form adducts with guanine in DNA, which may be involved in carcinogenesis.
3. N-Nitrosopiperidine has been found in some sun-dried foods, smoked fish, meats (e.g., bacon) and other foods preserved with sodium nitrite.
4. N-Nitrosopiperidine was detected in urine from 52/59 non-smokers who were tested, and it appeared to be associated with the consumption of coffee, according to one report.

Date Last Revised: 08/16/2006

Literature Basis:

• No Author: Nitrosamines, 15 Listings [444 KB PDF, 23 pages]. Report on Carcinogens (latest edition); U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Program.
• Levallois, P., et al.: Excretion of volatile nitrosamines in a rural population in relation to food and drinking water consumption. Food Chem. Toxicol. 38(11): 1013-1019, (2000).
• Pohanish, R.P. (editor): N-Nitrosopiperidine. In, Sittig’s Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 2. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, (2002), pp. 1741-1742.
• Siddiqi, M.A., Tricker, A.R., Kumar, R., Fazili, Z. and Preussmann, R.: Dietary sources of N-nitrosamines in a high-risk area for oesophageal cancer—Kashmir, India. IARC Sci. Publ. (105): 210-213, (1991).
• Wong, H.L., Murphy, S.E. and Hecht, S.S.: Cytochrome P450 2A-catalyzed metabolic activation of structurally similar carcinogenic nitrosamines: N’-nitrosonornicotine enantiomers, N-nitrosopiperidine, and N-nitrosopyrrolidine. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 18(1): 61-69, (2005).

Primary Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method (SLC1):

• sampling media: ThermoSorb/N Tube
  analytical solvent: (75:25) Dichloromethane:Methanol
  maximum volume: 75 Liters
  maximum flow rate: 1.0 L/min
  current analytical method: Gas Chromatography; GC/TEA
  method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA 27)
  method classification: Fully Validated
  note: OSHA personnel may obtain ThermoSorb/N Tube from SLTC. Store samples in freezer.
  

Bulk Method:

• Limit the amount of bulk submitted to one gram or one mL.

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