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Chemical Sampling Information |
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| Hydrogen Bromide |
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General Description
Synonyms: Anhydrous hydrobromic acid; HBr
OSHA IMIS Code Number: 1420
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 10035-10-6
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: MW3850000
Department of Transportation Regulation Number (49 CFR 172.101) and Guide: 1048 125 [27 KB PDF] (anhydrous); 1788 154 [27 KB PDF] (solution)
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Hydrogen Bromide: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more
Exposure Limits
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1000 Z-1 Table -- 3 ppm, 10 mg/m3 TWA
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Construction Industry: 29 CFR 1926.55 Appendix A -- 3 ppm, 10 mg/m3 TWA
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Maritime: 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards -- 3 ppm, 10 mg/m3 TWA
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 2 ppm, 6.6 mg/m3 Ceiling
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): 3 ppm, 10 mg/m3 Ceiling
Health Factors
NIOSH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentration (IDLH): 30 ppm
Potential symptoms: Eye, skin, nose, throat irritation; cough, sore throat, labored breathing; pulmonary edema (may be delayed); skin, eye pain, burns; alopecia; frostbite (from liquid).
Health Effects: Irritation-Eye, Nose, Throat, Skin---Marked (HE14); Acute lung damage (HE11); Reactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome (RADS) or Bronchiolitis obliterans (HE10).
Affected organs: Respiratory system, eyes, skin
Notes:
- Disinfecting agents used in hot tubs and spas, such as elemental bromine, sodium bromide/monopotassium persulfate, and bromochlorodimethylhydantoin can serve as sources of HBr at acidic pH.
- HBr may be formed in tissues when bromine gas reacts with tissue water to form HBr and hypobromous acid (HOBr). HOBr may subsequently break down into HBr and oxygen free radicals.
Date Last Revised: 06/08/2004
Literature Basis:
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Hydrogen Bromide.
- International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Hydrogen bromide.
- Burns, M.J. and Linden, C.H.: Another hot tub hazard: toxicity secondary to bromine and hydrobromic acid exposure. Chest 111(3): 816-819, 1997.
- Kraut, A. and Lilis, R.: Chemical pneumonitis due to exposure to bromine compounds. Chest 94(1): 208-210, 1988.
- Orlando, J.P., de Haro, L., Jouglard, J. and Leroyer, S.: Reactive airway dysfunction syndrome and bronchiolitis obliterans after exposure to acid vapors [French]. Rev. Pneumol. Clin. 53(6): 339-342, 1997.
- Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Hydrogen Bromide. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1274-1276.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
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sampling media: specially cleaned silica gel tube (400/200 mg sections with glass fiber filter) (Supelco, ORBO-53; SKC, 226-10-03; or equivalent)
maximum volume: 96.0 Liters maximum flow rate: 0.2 L/min (TWA)
maximum volume: 2.5 Liters maximum flow rate: 0.5 L/min (Ceiling)
current analytical method: Ion Chromatography; IC
method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA ID-165SG)
method classification: Partially Validated
note: Submit as a separate sample, however, hydrogen chloride can be analyzed from the same sample. The sample is analyzed for bromide (or chloride, if requested) and the result reported as the acid. Make sure that the glass fiber filter plug is firmly in contact with the silica gel before and after sampling. Report the presence of bromide (or chloride) salts to the analytical laboratory.
On-Site Sampling Techniques/Methods:
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device: Detector Tube
manufacturer: Gastec
model/type: 15L
sampling information: 0.5 to 10 strokes
upper measurement limit: 16 ppm
detection limit: 0.04 ppm
overall uncertainty: 25% for 0.8 to 4 ppm, 16% for 4 to 16 ppm
method reference: on-site air secondary (manufacturer)
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