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Chemical Sampling Information |
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| Heptachlor |
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General Description
Synonyms: 1,4,5,6,7,8,8a-Heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetra-hydro-4,7-methanoidene (principal ingredient)
OSHA IMIS Code Number: 1369
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 76-44-8
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: PC0700000
Department of Transportation Regulation Number (49 CFR 172.101) and Guide: 2761 151 (organochlorine pesticide, solid)
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Heptachlor: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more
Exposure Limits
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1000 Z-1 Table -- 0.5 mg/m3 TWA; Skin
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Construction Industry: 29 CFR 1926.55 Appendix A -- 0.5 mg/m3 TWA; Skin
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Maritime: 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards -- 0.5 mg/m3 TWA; Skin
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 0.05 mg/m3 TWA; Skin; Appendix A3 - Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Relevance to Humans
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): 0.5 mg/m3 TWA; Skin; Appendix A - NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens
Health Factors
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) carcinogenic classification: Group 2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) carcinogenic classification: Group B2, probable human carcinogen.
NIOSH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentration (IDLH): 35 mg/m3
Potential symptoms: In animals: tremors, convulsions, lung, liver damage, reproductive toxicity; [potential occupational carcinogen]
Health Effects: Mutagen (HE2) Cumulative liver damage (HE3) CNS effects (Convulsions) (HE7)
Affected organs: CNS, liver
Notes:
- Heptachlor is an OSHA Select carcinogen. The cancer site in animal studies is the liver.
- Manufacture of heptachlor in the U.S. ended in 1987 and the EPA prohibited sale, distribution and shipment of existing stocks in 1988. Current exposure may be highest in and around structures treated with heptachlor (or technical-grade chlordane which contains ~10 % heptachlor) for termite and ant control. Use of heptachlor for fire ant control in power transformers is still permitted.
- EPA’s oral reference dose (daily oral exposure likely to be without an appreciable risk of noncancer deleterious effects during a lifetime) of heptachlor is 0.0005 mg/kg/day.
- Heptachlor epoxide is the major metabolite of heptachlor and is often found at much higher levels in adipose tissue (fat) than is heptachlor.
- Regression analysis of data collected by the EPA between 1969 and 1983 on pesticide residues in human fat resulted in a significant association between heptachlor epoxide levels and diagnoses of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Date Last Revised: 01/11/2006
Literature Basis:
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR): Draft toxicological profile for heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide. Atlanta: ATSDR, (September) 2005, 177 pp.
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Heptachlor.
- International Agency for Research on Cancer: Chlordane and Heptachlor (Group 2B). IARC Summaries & Evaluations, Vol 79, 2001.
- International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Heptachlor.
- EPA Air Toxics Website: Group B2, probable human carcinogen.. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Technology Transfer Network.
- Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Heptachlor. In, Sittig’s Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1225-1227.
- Quintana, P.J.E., et al.: Adipose tissue levels of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls and risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Environ. Health Perspect. 112(8): 854-861, 2004.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
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sampling media: OSHA Versatile Sampler (OVS-2) - 13 mm XAD-2 Tube (270/140 mg sections, 20/60 mesh) with Glass Fiber Filter enclosed
analytical solvent: Toluene
maximum volume: 60 Liters maximum flow rate: 1.0 L/min
current analytical method: Gas Chromatography; GC/ECD
method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA PV2029)
method classification: Partially Validated
Bulk method: Limit the amount of bulk submitted to one gram or one mL.
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