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Chemical Sampling Information (CSI)
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General Description

Synonyms: beta-Mehylacrolein; Propylene aldehyde; Crotonic aldehyde; 2-Butenal

OSHA IMIS Code Number: 0770

Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 123-73-9; 4170-30-3

NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) Identification Number: GP9499000

Department of Transportation Regulation Number (49 CFR 172.101) and Guide: 1143 131P (inhibited)

NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Crotonaldehyde: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more
Exposure Limits

OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL):
General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1000 Z-1 Table -- 2 ppm, 6 mg/m3 TWA

Construction Industry: 29 CFR 1926.55 Appendix A -- 2 ppm, 6 mg/m3 TWA

Maritime: 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards -- 2 ppm, 6 mg/m3 TWA
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 0.3 ppm, 0.86 mg/m3 Ceiling; Skin; Appendix A3 - Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Relevance to Humans

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): 2 ppm, 6 mg/m3 TWA; Appendix C - Supplementary Exposure Limits (Aldehydes)

Health Factors

Carcinogenic Classification:
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): Group 3 - not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans [1 MB PDF, 19 pages]
NIOSH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentration (IDLH): 50 ppm

Potential Symptoms: Eye, respiratory system irritation; cough, burning sensation, sore throat, labored breathing, pulmonary edema (may be delayed); eye redness, pain, lacrimation, severe deep burns.

Health Effects: Irritation-Eye, Nose, Throat, Skin---Marked (HE14); Lung edema (HE11)

Affected Organs: Respiratory system, eyes, skin

Notes:
  • In addition to its various industrial uses, crotonaldehyde is formed in the body as a product of lipid peroxidation and can form adducts with DNA, as well as with lysine and histidine amino acids in proteins.
Date Last Revised: 04/29/2004

Literature Basis:
  • NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Crotonaldehyde.
  • International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Crotonaldehyde.
  • Ichihashi, K., Osawa, T., Toyokuni, S. and Uchida, K.: Endogenous formation of protein adducts with carcinogenic Aldehydes: implications for oxidative stress. J. Biol. Chem. 276(26): 23903-23913, 2001.
  • Pan, J. and Chung, F.L.: Formation of cyclic deoxyguanosine adducts from omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids under oxidative conditions. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 15(3): 367-372, 2002.
  • Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Crotonaldehyde. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 677-679.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA

Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
  • sampling media: Two Coated Glass Fiber Filters (Open Face) in one cassette separated by a spacer. The filters are coated with 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) and Phosphoric Acid.
    analytical solvent: Acetonitrile
    maximum volume: 6 Liters
    maximum flow rate: 0.1 L/min
    current analytical method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography; HPLC/UV
    method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA 81)
    method classification: Fully Validated

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Page last updated: 01/31/2006

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