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Chemical Sampling Information |
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| Chlordane |
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General Description
Synonyms: Chlordan; Chlordano; 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-Octachloro-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-4,7-methano-1H-indene; 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-Octachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanoindane
OSHA IMIS Code Number: 0611
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 57-74-9
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: PB9800000
Department of Transportation Regulation Number (49 CFR 172.101) and Guide: 2762 131
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Chlordane: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more
Exposure Limits
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1000 Z-1 Table -- 0.5 mg/m3 TWA; Skin
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Construction Industry: 29 CFR 1926.55 Appendix A -- 0.5 mg/m3 TWA; Skin
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Maritime: 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards -- 0.5 mg/m3 TWA; Skin
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 0.5 mg/m3 TWA; Skin; Appendix A3 - Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Relevance to Humans
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): 0.5 mg/m3 TWA; Skin; Appendix A - NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens
Health Factors
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) carcinogenic classification: Group 2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) carcinogenic classification: Group B2, probable human carcinogen.
NIOSH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentration (IDLH): 100 mg/m3
Potential symptoms: Blurred vision; confusion; ataxia; delirium; cough; abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; irritability; tremor, convulsions; anuria; in animals: lung, liver, kidney damage; [potential occupational carcinogen]
Health Effects: Acute CNS excitation (HE7); Cumulative liver damage (HE3)
Affected organs: CNS, eyes, lungs liver, kidneys
Notes:
- Chlordane is an OSHA Select carcinogen. The cancer site in animal studies is the liver.
- Technical-grade chlordane (CAS No. 12789-03-6) is a mixture of structurally-related organochlorine chemicals that may contain cis-, trans- and gamma-isomers of chlordane, as well as 10-20% heptachlor.
- The EPA canceled all approved uses of chlordane in the U.S. in 1988, so current exposure may be highest in and around structures treated with chlordane for termite control prior to that time.
- EPA’s oral reference dose (daily oral exposure likely to be without an appreciable risk of noncancer deleterious effects during a lifetime) of chlordane is 0.0005 mg/kg/day. EPA’s reference concentration for inhalation exposure to chlordane is 0.0007 mg/m3/day.
- Statistically significant neurophysio-logical effects (e.g., slowed simple reaction time) and neuropsychological effects (e.g., reductions in cognitive function) were attributed to chlordane in indoor air in a study of residents of apartment buildings previously sprayed for termites.
Date Last Revised: 01/10/2006
Literature Basis:
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Chlordane.
- International Agency for Research on Cancer: Chlordane and Heptachlor (Group 2B). IARC Summaries & Evaluations, Vol 79, 2001.
- International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Chlordane (Technical product).
- EPA Air Toxics Website: Chlordane. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Technology Transfer Network.
- Kilburn, K.H. and Thornton, J.C.: Protracted neurotoxicity from chlordane sprayed to kill termites. Environ. Health Perspect. 103(7-8): 690-694, 1995.
- Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Chlordane. In, Sittig’s Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 520-523.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
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sampling media: OSHA Versatile Sampler (OVS-2) - 13mm XAD-2 tube (270/140 mg sections, 20/60 mesh) with Glass Fiber Filter enclosed
analytical solvent: Toluene
maximum volume: 480 Liters maximum flow rate: 1.0 L/min
minimum time: Minutes maximum flow rate:
current analytical method: Gas Chromatography; GC/ECD
method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA 67)
method classification: Fully Validated
Bulk method: Limit the amount of bulk submitted to one gram or one mL.
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