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Chemical Sampling Information |
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| Amitrole |
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General Description
Synonyms: Aminotriazole; 3-Aminotriazole; 2-Amino-1,3,4-triazole; 3-Amino-s-Triazole; 3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole; 3-Amino-1H-1,2,4-Triazole
OSHA IMIS Code Number: A176
IMIS Name History: 3-Amino-s-Triazole prior to 9/1/89
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 61-82-5
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: XZ3850000
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Amitrole: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more
Exposure Limits
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 0.2 mg/m3 TWA; Appendix A3 - Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Relevance to Humans
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): Ca 0.2 mg/m3 TWA; Appendix A - NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens
Health Factors
National Toxicology Program (NTP) carcinogenic classification: Group 2, Reasonably Anticipated to be a Human Carcinogen
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) carcinogenic classification: Group 3, Not Classifiable as to Carcinogenicity to Humans
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) carcinogenic classification: Group B2, Probable Human Carcinogen
Potential symptoms: Irritation of eyes, skin; dyspnea, muscle spasms, ataxia, anorexia, salivation, increased body temperature; lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), skin dryness, depression (suppression of thyroid function).
Health Effects: Hypothyroidism, goiter (HE3); Potential occupational carcinogen (HE2)
Affected organs: Eyes, skin, thyroid
Notes: 1) Although OSHA does not have a PEL for amitrole, it is an OSHA Select carcinogen. 2) Carcinogenesis studies in rats and mice indicated the occurrence of thyroid, liver, and pituitary tumors. 3) Amitrole binds covalently to and inhibits the activity of catalase, an enzyme thought to be involved in ethanol metabolism, inflammation, aging and cancer.
Date Last Revised: 05/05/2005
Literature Basis:
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Amitrole.
- International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Amitrole.
- Environmental Protection Agency: R.E.D. Facts: Amitrole. Publication No. EPA-738-F-96-002 (August) 1996, 13 pp.
- Hurley, P.M.: Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents. Environ. Health Perspect. 106(8): 437-445, 1998.
- Pohanish, R.P. (editor): 3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 143-144.
- Putnam, C.D., Arvai, A.S., Bourne, Y. and Tainer, J.A.: Active and inhibited human catalase structures: ligand and NADPH binding and catalytic mechanism. J. Mol. Biol. 296(1): 295-309, 2000.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
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sampling media: Midget Impinger containing 10 mL Distilled Water
maximum volume: 60 Liters maximum flow rate: 1.0 L/min
current analytical method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography; HPLC/UV
method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA PV2006)
method classification: Partially Validated
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