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Estimating Work Rates or Loads

Examples of work activities that are considered light, moderate, heavy, and very heavy:

Work Rate Category
Example Motions
Example Tasks

Rest
  • Sitting
  • Attending a meeting (seated)
  • Reading instructions, completing paperwork
  • Watching a training video

Light
  • Sitting with light manual work with hands and arms
  • Driving
  • Standing with some light arm work and occasional walking
  • Casual walking (2 miles per hour)
  • Lifting  10 pounds fewer than eight times per minute, or 25 pounds less than four times per minute
  • Using small bench tools or small power tools
  • Inspecting and sorting produce
  • Sorting light materials
  • Assembling small parts
  • Driving vehicle on roads
  • Nailing

Moderate
  • Sustained moderate hand and arm work
  • Moderate arm and leg work
  • Moderate arm and trunk work
  • Moderate pushing and pulling
  •  Walking at a moderate speed
  • Lifting 10 pounds 10 times per minute, or 25 pounds six times per minute
  • Picking fruits and vegetables (bending, squatting)
  • Painting with a brush
  • Pushing or pulling lightweight carts or wheelbarrows
  • Off road operation of trucks, tractors or construction equipment
  • Operating an air hammer
  • Weeding or hoeing

Heavy
  • Intense arm and trunk work
  • Carrying, shoveling, manual sawing
  • Pushing or pulling heavy loads
  • Walking at a fast pace (4 miles per hour)
  • Lifting  10 pounds 14 times per minute, or 25 pounds 10 times per minute
  • Transferring heavy materials, shoveling
  • Sledgehammer work
  • Hand mowing, digging
  • Concrete block laying
  • Pushing or pulling loaded hand carts or wheelbarrows

Very Heavy
  • Very intense activity at fast to maximum pace
  • Jogging, running or walking faster than 4 miles per hour
  • Lifting 10 pounds more than 18 times per minute, or 25 pounds more than 13 times per minute
  • Heavy shoveling or digging
  • Ax work
  • Climbing stairs, ramps or ladders

Sources:
ACGIH, 2011. Heat Stress and Strain, in TLVs and BEIs, American Conference of Industrial Hygienists, Cincinnati, OH.

Ramsey, J and Bishop, P. 2003. Hot and Cold Environments (Chapter 24), in The Occupational Environment, its Evaluation, Control, and Management (S.R. DiNardi, Editor), American Industrial Hygiene Association. [After McArdle, Katch and Katch (1996)].

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