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Production > Sanders
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Sanders finish stock by using a coated abrasive surface to remove
material. The figures to the right show the three general types of sanders:
drum, belt, and disc. A belt sander uses a system of pulleys to move
the abrasive material across the stock. Either the wood is fed
manually or automatically into the machine or the sanding belt is
pressed toward the wood, which is located on a working
table.
Sanders
produce a considerable quantity of fine wood dust. Wood dust hazards
and controls are discussed in detail in the Wood
Dust section. All sanders should be ventilated carefully. The
primary safety hazard of belt sanders is that workers may catch
their hands, clothing, or jewelry in the in-running rolls. Also,
contact with an abrasive surface can cause abrasions and
lacerations.
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Fig 1 - Drum sander
Fig 2 - Belt and disc sander |
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Potential Hazard:
Possible Solutions:
Engineering Controls
- Guard feed rolls with a semi-cylindrical guard to prevent the
operator's hands from coming in contact with the in-running rolls on
automatic sanders. The guard design must allow for adjustment to any
thickness of stock [29
CFR 1910.213(p)(1)].
- Enclose power transmission pulleys with a fixed guard
[29
CFR 1910.219].
Work Practices
- Keep hands away from abrasive surfaces.
- Sand on the downward-moving side of the disk or belt.
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Potential Hazard:
- In-running nip points - Clothing, hands, or hair may get caught by
and pulled into the in-running rolls on automatic sanders or
sanding belts.
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Possible Solutions:
Engineering Controls
- Guard the unused run of the sanding belt against accidental contact.
These guards must prevent the operator's hands or fingers from
coming in contact with nip points [29
CFR 1910.219].
- Enclose power transmission pulleys with a fixed guard
[29
CFR 1910.219].
Work Practices
- Sand on the downward-moving side of the disk or belt.
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Potential Hazard:
- Flying
chips - Wood splinters and chips may be thrown from the
sanding action.
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Possible Solutions:
Engineering Controls
- Enclose drum and disc sanders with guards, except for the portion of the
sander's drum above the table. The guard can consist of a
protective cover at the rear side of the wheel and a hinged cover around the wheel
periphery [29
CFR 1910.213(p)(2)]
and [29
CFR 1910.213(p)(3)].
- Enclose power transmission pulleys with a fixed guard
[29
CFR 1910.219].
Work Practices
- Replace torn, frayed, or excessively worn belts or drums. A worn-out belt, disk, or drum can cause massive
heat buildup, which can cause the belt, disk, or drum to tear or break and pelt the surrounding area with
projected bits.
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